Devil's Tower National Monument Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Devil's Tower National Monument - Research Paper Example The Devil’s Tower National Monument is comprised of red rocks. The red colored stones are known as dark red sandstone and maroon siltstone. A thin layer of white gypsum is seen above the red spearfish rocks. Yellow sandstones as a result of Sundance formation, which are very delicate, can be seen on the vertical cliffs which surround the tower. A river runs under the feature. This landmark is made up of polygonal columns, which make up its striking features. The bigger columns narrow from the base 6-8 feet in diameter to about 4 feet at the pinnacle (Britton & Tamara, 4). This feature is located at Crook County, in north eastern Wyoming. It is situated in The United States of America. This attraction feature is a laccolith or ingenious intrusion in the black hills next to Hulett and Sundance. It is above the river known as Belle Fourche (Ludmer, 38). The Devil’s Tower has a fabulous significance to the plains tribes, which are more than twenty in native tribes. These tribes viewed this feature as a sacred zone (Britton & Tamara, 4). They used this section for sacred activities, including worship, rituals, and sacrifices. These native tribes have a sacred legend concerning the origin of this landmark. These native tribes have special names for this monument they include; bear’s tipi, bear’s lodge, bear’s house, bears peak, and bear’s lair among many more names.The most basic maps concerned with this area named this monument â€Å"bear lodge†. They named it after the terms the natives of the region were using. In 1875, Colonel Dodge guided a survey group to the black hills. The surveyors misunderstood the description given by the natives concerning this area. They translated it as â€Å"Bad God’s Tower†. Dodge reported this expedition area as the Devil’s Tower; this na me has stuck ever since (Gunderson, 66). Origin of the Tower The origin of this landmark has been a debatable issue among geologists from time immemorial since its discovery. Geologists believe that this tower was formed by intrinsic intrusion activities. They believe that this attraction was formed by the forced entry of magma amid various rocks. The debatable issue is how the formation process happened and if the magma reached the surface of the earth region. Geologists have estimated the age of this amazing monument to be more than 50 million years. The work of erosion led to the visibility of this Tower. Before the action of erosion, this monument could not be seen above the sedimentary rocks covering it (Monroe, James, and Reed, 102). Erosion action, mostly water resulted into wearing off of the fine grained sandstones and gray- green shales on top of and in the region of the geologic feature. The tough igneous rock layers of this landmark resisted the action of erosion, result ing into gray columns above the surrounding scenery. Rain and snow continually erode the sedimentary rocks around the base of the monument. The debris is then carried by the Belle Fourche River to other locations. This eroding activity results into further exposition of the Devil’s Tower National Monument

Phstat Essay Example for Free

Phstat Essay For Excel 2000 through Excel 2003, Microsoft Office macro security level set to Medium (see Topic 3a â€Å"Configuring Excel 2000-2003 Security for PHStat2†). For Excel 2007, Trust Center Macro Settings set to Disable all macros with notification (recommended) or Enable all macros. See section 3a or 3b for more details. (There are no security settings in Excel 97 or the original, unpatched version of Excel 2000. ) Internet access (for downloading updates to Microsoft Excel, from www. microsoft. com, and PHStat2, from www. prenhall. com/phstat, as they become available), optional but recommended. Requirements for running the PHStat2 setup program: CD or DVD drive. Approximately 10 MB hard disk free space while running the setup program and 3 MB hard disk space after program setup. On some older systems, the Windows system files that may get replaced or added during the setup process will require up to 6 MB additional hard disk space. Windows user account with administrator or software-installing privileges (does not apply to Windows 98Se or ME). Student or faculty accounts used to login onto networked computers in academic settings typically do not have this privilege. F Test for Differences in Two Variances: Two-tailed test formula to determine whether to reject null hypothesis corrected. Z Test for Differences in Two Means: Upper-tail test formula to determine whether to reject null hypothesis corrected. Minor reformatting in selected worksheet and dialog box labels. Enhanced statistical procedures in version 2. 5: Chi-Square Test includes Marascuilo Procedure output option. Histogram Polygons Frequency distributions include percentage and cumulative percentage columns. Kruskal-Wallis Rank Test Worksheet redesigned to accommodate larger number of groups.

Hawthorne :: essays research papers fc

"Young Goodman Brown", by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is a story that is thick with allegory. "Young Goodman Brown" is a moral story which is told through the perversion of a religious leader. In "Young Goodman Brown", Goodman Brown is a Puritan minister who lets his excessive pride in himself interfere with his relations with the community after he meets with the devil, and causes him to live the life of an exile in his own community. "Young Goodman Brown" begins when Faith, Brown's wife, asks him not to go on an "errand". Goodman Brown says to his "love and (my) Faith" that "this one night I must tarry away from thee." When he says his "love" and his "Faith", he is talking to his wife, but he is also talking to his "faith" to God. He is venturing into the woods to meet with the Devil, and by doing so, he leaves his unquestionable faith in God with his wife. He resolves that he will "c ling to her skirts and follow her to Heaven." This is an example of the excessive pride because he feels that he can sin and meet with the Devil because of this promise that he made to himself. There is a tremendous irony to this promise because when Goodman Brown comes back at dawn; he can no longer look at his wife with the same faith he had before. When Goodman Brown finally meets with the Devil, he declares that the reason he was late was because "Faith kept me back awhile." This statement has a double meaning because his wife physically prevented him from being on time for his meeting with the devil, but his faith to God psychologically delayed his meeting with the devil. The Devil had with him a staff that "bore the likeness of a great black snake". The staff which looked like a snake is a reference to the snake in the story of Adam and Eve. The snake led Adam and Eve to their destruction by leading them to the Tree of Knowledge. The Adam and Eve story is similar to Goodman Brown in that they are both seeking unfathomable amounts of knowledge. Once Adam and Eve ate from the Tree of Knowledge they were expelled from their paradise. The Devil's staff eventually leads Goodman Brown to the Devil's ceremony which destroys Goodman Brown's faith in his fellow man, therefore expelling him from his utopia. Hawthorne :: essays research papers fc "Young Goodman Brown", by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is a story that is thick with allegory. "Young Goodman Brown" is a moral story which is told through the perversion of a religious leader. In "Young Goodman Brown", Goodman Brown is a Puritan minister who lets his excessive pride in himself interfere with his relations with the community after he meets with the devil, and causes him to live the life of an exile in his own community. "Young Goodman Brown" begins when Faith, Brown's wife, asks him not to go on an "errand". Goodman Brown says to his "love and (my) Faith" that "this one night I must tarry away from thee." When he says his "love" and his "Faith", he is talking to his wife, but he is also talking to his "faith" to God. He is venturing into the woods to meet with the Devil, and by doing so, he leaves his unquestionable faith in God with his wife. He resolves that he will "c ling to her skirts and follow her to Heaven." This is an example of the excessive pride because he feels that he can sin and meet with the Devil because of this promise that he made to himself. There is a tremendous irony to this promise because when Goodman Brown comes back at dawn; he can no longer look at his wife with the same faith he had before. When Goodman Brown finally meets with the Devil, he declares that the reason he was late was because "Faith kept me back awhile." This statement has a double meaning because his wife physically prevented him from being on time for his meeting with the devil, but his faith to God psychologically delayed his meeting with the devil. The Devil had with him a staff that "bore the likeness of a great black snake". The staff which looked like a snake is a reference to the snake in the story of Adam and Eve. The snake led Adam and Eve to their destruction by leading them to the Tree of Knowledge. The Adam and Eve story is similar to Goodman Brown in that they are both seeking unfathomable amounts of knowledge. Once Adam and Eve ate from the Tree of Knowledge they were expelled from their paradise. The Devil's staff eventually leads Goodman Brown to the Devil's ceremony which destroys Goodman Brown's faith in his fellow man, therefore expelling him from his utopia.

“The Boogeyman” – Stephen King (1978)

Summary: Lester Billings, the father of three children is talking to a shrink. He seems mentally disturbed. His first two children died of mysteriously courses, but both of the children had cried boogeyman right before their death. After Lester had his third son, one night the son screams and Lester sees that a boogeyman is killing his son, but Lester doesn’t help his son, instead he runs away and when he returns his son is dead. When Lester Billings leaves his shrink, he sees that the shrink is actually the boogeyman. Their marriage: Lester and Rita Billings' marriage has probably never been characterized by equality. He is the kind of man who believes that women's station in life is to follow their husbands. (page 5. ) When Rita denies that she has taught Denny the word â€Å"Boogeyman†, he calls her a liar and feels like â€Å"slapping her around. † This certainly indicates the opposite to a marriage based on mutual confidence, love, and support. Lester does not have very much respect for Rita. I think he has married her out of necessity. Now he tries to imagine that their marriage is happy, perfect and like his mother wanted it to be. Lester actually thinks that Rita is a jellyfish. I think he sees every woman as jellyfish -something, which is inferior. He has to control Rita: â€Å"She still wanted to do what I told her. That’s the wife’s place, right? This women’s lib makes people sick. The most important thing in life for a person is to know his place. † Page 5. Time Seen in a perspective of time the majority the American population regarded pregnancy before marriage as a grave matter. The marriage between Lester Billings and his wife does not seem to be the happy ending of some love story. They were both very young, and the reason why they got married was the unexpected pregnancy, LB left college to get a job and support the little family. The marriage was, somewhat, a solution to the situation at the time, a solution to keep an acceptable position in society. Lester billings Charact. : He is against women’s liberation, which takes place at the time. He wants to appear powerful and to possess the leading role of his marriage The way in which he has been raised has probably inspired him to develop this attitude. One attitude caused by the mother is the one towards his children concerning where they are to sleep. Billings believes that his mother has been too over-protective with him, and this has had a negative influence on him. He mentions the episode from the beach. Lester Billings does not really take notice of the rest of society. He does not choose a position in the matter of the Vietnam War or the black Americans' civil rights movement. He and Rita isolate themselves in the little family. He thinks highly of himself. He believes that his decisions and methods are the right ones because he is the man of the family. Lester Billings is not a soft family man. In the beginning of the story he claims that children tie a man down. He is not very gentle towards his first son Denny. He hits him if he does not stop crying. He says that it is actually impossible to remember your kids when they are lost at a young age because you have not come to feel very attached to them yet. This is an enormously cynical idea in my opinion. Dr. Harper: The psychiatrist is portrayed as a passive spectator. He only replies to Billings' story with a few comments. However, he makes Billings talk and perhaps he realises something from this monologue. The ending could symbolise the victory of anxiety, fear that he maybe have realized what he was afraid of realizing. Interpretation: I think the ending is a simple clue to the reader that suppressed anxieties and frustrations create these hidden boogeymen that are able to scare ourselves as well as others. They take many shapes and perhaps everybody has got one. Perhaps the doctor simply wears the mask of the boogeyman in the end, as a representative of LB's personal internal conflict. The boogeyman lives in our subconscious mind, it lives in children’s minds- in their fantasy. Small children are the most sensitive about fear. They need their parents’ protection and you cannot get too overprotective to children at that age. Lester cannot realise this. That is why he has to pay with the most precious in life- his own children and finally his own life. â€Å"I started to think, maybe all the monsters we were scared of then we were kids, Frankenstein and Wolfman and mummy, maybe they were real. Real enough to kill kids that were supposed to have fallen into gravel pits and drowned in lakes or were just never found. Maybe†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The Boogeyman represents many things, such as, anger, fear and paranoia. You think that it is only children who are afraid of â€Å"boogeymen†, but in this story we see that also adults get afraid and paranoid and believe that there is something in the closet, under the bed, down in the basement etc. It is fear of the unknown and the superstitions, which every human being has thought about, but some gets very paranoid and they think something is out to get them. I think King’s stories also appeal to the female readers and not just to men. I think that women would understand the stories just like men. But it is right to say that King uses Women like subordinate parts in his stories and it is mostly men who has the leading parts. The boogeyman represents Lester’s fear of being the father who gives his children a bad upbringing. I do believe that Billings has killed his children himself. Some of his statements indicate this. â€Å"Christ, kids drive you crazy sometimes. You could kill them. † (Page 4) The frustrations from his own childhood may have affected him so deeply that he kills his children.

Prose †A Christmas Carol Essay

But it’s too late now’, showing either that he is not as bitter as we thought, or that he is already learning from the lessons he is being taught. He is also deeply affected in the third episode when talking to the Spectre about his late sister and her son; Fred, his nephew. After we see his reaction, which was filled with sorrow and remorse, we realise that a possible reason for his hatred of Christmas is because of the death of his sister, and the reason for Scrooge being so mean. Scrooge learns his lesson throughout the novel through the reactions he portrays through the episodes he sees. An important episode in this stave is the one of Scrooge at Mr. Fezziwig’s ball. This is because of the quote ‘He corroborated everything, remembered everything, enjoyed everything’, which is important because it shows that he can love and can, if he wants to, change. Also in this episode, Scrooge says ‘The happiness he gives, is quite as great as if it cost a fortune’, which shows that Scrooge can still love, yet the positives are outweighed by the negatives in his life, so he does not see the point of loving and living. He also says ‘I should like to be able to say a word or two to my clerk just now’, which shows that he is getting the message and is learning the lesson that the Spirits have to give. The next strong reaction that the Ghost gets from Scrooge is after the scene with his fianci , which contains the evident emotions of sadness and regret. His may be for not changing his ways, or for the actions of his fianci , but they are portrayed when he says to the Spirit ‘Why do you delight to torture me? ‘ Lastly, Scrooge tries to extinguish the light upon the Spirit’s head, which is an obvious display of misery and pain which is evoked onto Scrooge in the various scenes. The vivid description of the Ghost at the beginning of the stave is symbolic, like the description of Marley’s chain in the first stave entitled ‘Marley’s Ghost’. The Spirit is described as ‘like a child: yet not so like a child as an old man’, which makes the Ghost seem innocent and good, the common perception a children. The Spectre also has ‘pure white’ clothing, which reinforces innocence, and holds a clove of holly, which symbolises Christianity, and purity also. Other vivid elements of the Spirit’s description include; a crown symbolising a halo which creates an obvious link to heaven and virtue, and ‘a great extinguisher for a cap, which it now held under its arm’, which emphasises its appearance as a ghost. Stave Three is entitled ‘The Second of the Three Spirits’, and at the beginning of which, Dickens creates an apprehensious, and suspenseful atmosphere through the use of the delayed visit from the second Spectre. Unlike the previous two times, pathetic fallery is not used, but, like the last time, the use of time is; ‘five minutes, ten minutes, a quarter of an hour went by, yet nothing came’. This creates suspense as to what will happen, and when the spirit will come. Dickens also sets the scene by having Scrooge on guard, ready for when the next spectre will come, and ready for the same greeting as from the spirit before. This is evident through the quote ‘But, finding that he turned uncomfortably cold when he began to wonder which of the curtains this new spectre would draw back, he put every one aside with his own hands’. This creates suspense because, when the Ghost doesn’t seem to come on time, both the reader and Scrooge begin to wonder if, how and when he will come. This suspenseful atmosphere is enhanced by ‘a strange voice’ calling Scrooge by his name. At this point, we do not know who or what it is, or even if it is the second of the three spirits, which builds up on the suspenseful atmosphere, because of the unknown. The Ghost of Christmas Present shows Scrooge many things about, and to do with Christmas, and mainly shows him why people celebrate it, despite what conditions they live in. Firstly, the Ghost shows Scrooge the market place in the run-up to the present Christmas, with all of the food displays, the frenzied shopping and the excitement of Christmas, all of these things that Scrooge doesn’t do currently, or wouldn’t do without the lessons from the Ghosts, in the run-up to Christmas. This also says the fact that happiness does not come from the amount of money you have, but is through being with loved ones, and making an effort to please and enjoy. This is evident through the quote ‘but the customers were all so hurried and so eager in the hopeful promise of the day’, which describes the enthusiasm of everyone for that one day of the year which is the time for festiveness and family. The Ghost next takes Scrooge to the house of his employee; Bob Cratchitt and family, and sees how the family survive at Christmas, which is pitiful in itself, never mind how they survive normally. The quote ‘Such a bustle ensued that you might have thought a goose was the rarest of birds †¦ ; and in truth it was something like it in this very house’, illustrates how poor the Cratchitts are, for the goose is essentially ordinary, yet is extravagant in this house because they are used to so much less. Yet, this episode shows Scrooge and the reader that Christmas is not just to be celebrated because it is the birth of Jesus, or because it brings many gifts, but because it brings family together and lets people be happy and merry. Collectively, the first two episodes displays to Scrooge that Christmas is not about the bad times in the past, but is about family. Next, Scrooge visits the sailors, miners and lighthouse keepers at Christmas, which describes families and co-workers enjoying each others company, weather young or old, and celebrating Christmas in the ‘bowels of the earth’ and various other conditions, which is more than what Scrooge has ever done, even if his experiences have been the lesser of two evils. These episodes show Scrooge that happiness is not just about money, or is even to do with money, bit is within each other and within family. After that, the Spectre takes Scrooge to his nephew, Fred, celebrating Christmas with his wife and sisters-in-laws. Scrooge sees Fred’s ‘infectious’ laughter which lightens the mood of everyone there, showing that happiness is in others, but he also sees the ridicule they use against him. However, he also sees how much his nephew cares for him, when he says ‘his offences carry their own punishment, and I have nothing to say against him’. When Scrooge goes to see the miners, sailors and the lighthouse keeper, Scrooge learns an important lesson which will help him complete his journey with the three spirits. The lesson is reinforcing to Scrooge, and the reader, that happiness is in others, not in the amount of money one has. This is evident when describing the miners who, according to the spirit, ‘labour in the bowels of the earth’. Dickens describes the families with examples like ‘An old, old man and woman, with their children and their children’s children, and another generation beyond that, all decked out in their holiday attire’, which links to the poor, and their stereotypical big families, and this quote describes how closely linked and happy they are to be with each other, showing that, though they are poor, they are happy. This is also supported by the lighthouse keepers when Dickens says ‘Joining their horny hands over the rough table at which they sat, they whished each other a merry Christmas in their can of grog’. This quote also says that, despite how well off you are or where you live, you can be happy, which is the inevitable lesson Scrooge will learn. The lesson is also taught with the sailors with the quotation ‘and had remembered those he cared for at a distance, and had known that they delighted to remember him’. Scrooge also makes a realisation at his nephew’s house, when he hears what his family really think about him, and also sees how Christmas can be a happy occasion. Firstly, upon entering the house with the Spectre, Scrooge sees his nephew and other family after they have eaten their Christmas dinner, and enjoying the celebrations, which includes music and games like ‘blind-man’s buff’ and ‘yes and no’, the latter of which provided the main source of name-calling directed at Scrooge. However, upon entering, he initially hears a conversation on how it appears that only Fred takes pity on Scrooge, while his companions take delight in mocking him, with jokes about how rich he is and comments about their dislike for him, which contradicts from Fred’s view on Scrooge, like how ‘his offences carry their own punishment’, how he has nothing to say against him, and how ‘His wealth is no good to him. He don’t do any good with it’. After that, the family then goes onto play music, which reminds Scrooge of his days at boarding school, and also the Ghost of Christmas Past and the lessons that he had been shown so far, which adds to the morals he is learning because ‘he might have cultivated the kindness of life for his own happiness with his own hands, without resorting to the sexton’s spade that buried Jacob Marley’, which shows that Scrooge is learning to regret, and see what he has done wrong. Games then follow the music, and in them, happiness is reinforced, again, in others and not in money, through Topper playing ‘blind-man’s buff’ with Fred’s wife’s sister. However, when reaching the last game, Scrooge becomes the target of ridicule, even by Fred, by describing a ‘disagreeable animal, a savage animal, an animal that growled and grunted sometimes, and talked sometimes, and lived in London, and walked about the streets, and wasn’t made a show of, and wasn’t led by anybody, and didn’t live in a menagerie, and was never killed in a market, and was not a horse, or an ass, or a cow, or a bull, or a tiger, or a dog, or a pig, or a cat, or a bear’. The answer was indeed Scrooge, and shows how other people perceive him, even his own family. A major part in the lessons Scrooge learns come from the visit to the Cratchitts’, and he is deeply affected by it. Firstly, Scrooge sees how much, or most suitably how little, the poor, namely the Cratchitts in this episode, get to eat. This is evidently a contrast to what Scrooge would be used to, and would have affected him to see how different the conditions were for the poor. Also when Scrooge visits the Cratchitts, we are introduced to the character Tiny Tim, Bob Cratchitt’s disabled son, who is used in the novel as a symbol of the poor from Victorian England. Dickens uses Tiny Tim to evoke sympathy in both the reader and Scrooge, because of his disability and his poor living conditions, and also because of his good nature towards his life, and the sufferings of other people, showing that he is not selfish despite his condition. Also, Scrooge is affected by his visit to the Cratchitt’s because they seem to be a contradiction of how the poor were seen in typical Victorian times. They were mainly seen as feckless, immoral, idle and drunken, yet Tiny Tim and family are portrayed as loving, caring, moral people, which is another reason why both Scrooge and the reader react so strongly to this episode. When answering Scrooge’s question on whether Tiny Tim will live, the Ghost answers with a quote that Scrooge had said to the charity workers at the beginning of the novel; ‘decrease the surplus population’. This is teaching and reinforcing to Scrooge that his actions were not only wrong, but regrettable, especially after viewing the scene with Bob Cratchitt, Tiny Tim and their family. This also creates a greater impact on Scrooge because he knows they were his own, spiteful words, and shocks him into thinking he could ever say that. This also proves that he is learning the lessons of the Ghosts. When answering Scrooge, the Spirit also uses the line; ‘to hear the Insect on the leaf pronouncing on the too much life among his hungry brothers in the dust’. This line is a metaphor portraying Scrooge as an insect and the dust as the poor and hungry, like Tiny Tim, and reinforcing what Scrooge said earlier, about ‘decreasing the surplus population’. This says that the population is too big and that many should die to reduce it, which is something that Scrooge now regrets saying, so has a bigger impact on his reactions to the Spectre’s answer. At the end of the third stave, the Ghost of Christmas Present shows Scrooge two creatures from under his cloak. They were shaped as children, a boy and a girl, who were described as ‘wretched, abject, frightful, hideous, miserable’.

How does Tennyson create the mood in Marianna Essay Example

How does Tennyson create the mood in Marianna Essay Example How does Tennyson create the mood in Marianna Paper How does Tennyson create the mood in Marianna Paper The mood in Tennyson’s poem is reflective of the state of mind of Mariana. Mariana, taken from Shakespeare’s Measure for Measure, is despondently isolated as she waits and waits for her lover, Angelo, to arrive. But he never does, hence the abandoned and derelict tone. In Marianna, Tennyson represents Mariana’s state of mind through using objective correlatives – the surrounding objects around Marianna symbolise Mariana’s internal state – and in particular, by using pathetic fallacy, these surrounding inanimate objects are given human feelings, signifying Mariana’s feelings. In the first stanza, the â€Å"broken sheds look’d sad and strange. † The fact that even these inactive objects are given negative feelings creates a negative mood. A depressing mood is also created in the first stanza as the details are exaggerated. The â€Å"blackest moss† creates a deathly and depressing mood, and the superlative exaggerates this. But also the internal rhyme between â€Å"thickly crusted,† (which describes how the flowerpots were covered with moss) and the â€Å"rusted† nails draws attention to the derelict and desolate landscape. The fact that moss and the rust only emerge after a long period of neglect highlights the severity of the neglect that Mariana has gone through, making the mood even more sorrowful. A sense of tiredness from waiting for her lover is emphasised through the form of the poem. The repetition of a quatrain at the end of each stanza, with only slight variation, where Mariana continually called out and expressed her grief, emphasises the length of time Mariana is secluded in the grange, and indeed the length of time that she has been waiting for Angelo to return. Thus, a sorrowful mood is created. 9 She only said, ‘My life us dreary, He cometh not,’ she said; She said, ‘I am aweary, aweary, 11 I would that I were dead! ’ In the refrain, the elongated words, â€Å"dreary† and â€Å"aweary† symbolise Mariana’s longing and desperation for her lover to arrive. They also slow down the line, as extra weak syllables are added onto the end of the iambs, namely the â€Å"-y† of each word. But also, the lack of hard consonants makes Mariana sound tired as she says these words. Also, the feminine rhyme in the refrain, where weary and dreary rhyme, but the second syllable is a weak vowel, reiterates the tired tone with which Marianna speaks. The stationary and solitary mood is created in Marianna even in the first line of the poem. Mariana is described as â€Å"in the moated grange. † Just as this epigraph lacks any kind of movement, as it lacks even a verb, the rest of the poem lacks any narrative movement as well. Therefore the rest of the poem merely elongates this image of a melancholic loneliness. The helplessness of Mariana’s situation in the poem is signalled in the third stanza. The idea of the â€Å"moated† grange, which is repeated from the epigraph, reinforces the sense of entrapment – Mariana is surrounded by water, and alone. The fact that there is â€Å"a sluice with blacken’d waters† proves this stagnation of the water, and how everything is in a state of slowing, as Marianna is. The caesura before â€Å"without hope of change† emphasises this further, as not only is she physically trapped as she is surrounded, but also that she is trapped in the repetitive nature which her life seems to be leading, and at last, she has given up hope that something will change from this norm. The lack of change in tone with the change in the time of the day emphasises Mariana’s stagnating life. In terms of the plot, nothing actually changes – Marianna is still in the same place at the end as she was at the beginning. In contrast, the changing of time from â€Å"morn to eventide† shows how life continues around her. Marianna is herself not quite living: she is in a dreamlike state, as she is so tired, where â€Å"in sleep she seem’d to walk forlorn. † The word forlorn is very emotive and gives the stanza a melancholy tone, which is emphasised by the long vowel sounds in ‘gray-eyed morn’. The adjective ‘morn’ is also homophonous with ‘mourn’, furthering the idea of Mariana’s severe depression, as if mourning for her life. Tennyson also begins to suggest the reason for her depression in the latter half of the poem, by introducing the symbol of the ‘poplar’ tree. He writes that ‘the shadow of the poplar fell/Upon her bed’, which perhaps symbolises her sexual desire for Angelo, and frustration at his absence, as she waits for him to ‘come’. The enjambment between ‘fell’ and ‘upon’ emphasises Mariana’s desperation in waiting for Angelo to arrive. It is also quite an ominous image, as shadows have connotations with death and darkness, which emphasises the hopelessness of her situation in her reiterated sigh ‘He cometh not’. In the poem, there is a overcast theme of death. â€Å"Dead† is repeated in the last line of every stanza, which emphasises the travesty that Mariana is going through. In the last stanza Tennyson writes ‘†¦; but most she loathed the hour When the thick-moted sunbeam lay Athwart the chambers’. The phrase is emphasised by the caesura directly before it, and the comparatively long time without a break for punctuation. This image of dust in the sunlight, (from thick moted) has connotations of decay and death. In particular, the words ‘thick’ and ‘lay’ make it seem very oppressive and heavy, which emphasises the slowing down of Marianna’s life. This idea is furthered as the image is one of the day drawing to a close; ‘And the day Was sloping toward his western bower’. This suggests that the sun is moving away from Mariana and setting, and moving towards Angelo. In particular, light has connotations of live and vitality – and so the lack of light creates a drained mood – reflective of Mariana’s mood. In the last stanza the refrain is different to the rest of the poem, which changes the tone entirely. Mariana appears to accept her fate, as she says ‘He will not come’, rather than ‘He cometh not’ which means her only sense of purpose, to wait for him, has been destroyed. Rather than ‘I were that I were dead! ’, which is repeated in the rest of the poem, the last line is ‘Oh God, that I were dead! ’ This line has the added impact of the intensifier ‘Oh God’, which creates a mood of desperation far more poignant than in the rest of the poem. It is as though, as the poem draws to a close, Mariana’s life does too.

Motivation Motivation and daily Bases Essay

Motivation Motivation and daily Bases Essay Motivation: Motivation and daily Bases Essay MOTIVATION Motivation, as defined by Webster is the act of motivating (Merriam – Webster online). We are all motivated by five different approaches that include the following: Intrinsic, personal motivations that drive the individual to do something whether or not there is a reward. Extrinsic, drive a person to do something because of a reward. Instinct, biologically determined innate patterns of behavior. Need, a requirement of some material that is essential for survival. Drive reduction, theory approach to motivation that assumes behavior arises from physiological needs that cause internal drives to push the organism to satisfy the need and reduce tension and arousal. Motivation drives you to move forward and cause you to do the things that do. We are all motivated by something in life. I often tell my co-workers that my children motivate me to come to work each day. I keep a picture of them at my desk, and when the job becomes stressful. I often start to question why I am there. I lo ok at their picture and it brings it all homes for me. This is what motivates me on a daily bases. We are all motivated by something whether it is money, power, success or family. We all have something that makes us continue to move forward in life. As a student the thing that motivates me the most is obtaining my degree and providing a better life for my three boys. This would be my positive emotion. I am a single parent, full-time student and I have full-time job. I often want to quit school on a daily bases. It is very hard to motivate myself sometimes to complete a discussion question or an assignment, however I think of the ends justifying the means overcomes all the stress and lack of

An Introduction to Brownian Motion

An Introduction to Brownian Motion Brownian motion is the random movement of particles in a fluid due to their collisions with other atoms or molecules. Brownian motion is also known as pedesis, which comes from the Greek word for leaping. Even though a particle may be large compared to the size of atoms and molecules in the surrounding medium, it can be moved by the impact with many tiny, fast-moving masses. Brownian motion may be considered a macroscopic (visible) picture of a particle influenced by many microscopic random effects. Brownian motion takes its name from the Scottish botanist Robert Brown, who observed pollen grains moving randomly in water. He described the motion in 1827 but was unable to explain it. While pedesis takes its name from Brown, he was not the first person to describe it. The Roman poet Lucretius describes the motion of dust particles around the year 60 B.C., which he used as evidence of atoms. The transport phenomenon remained unexplained until 1905 when Albert Einstein published a paper that explained the pollen was being moved by the water molecules in the liquid. As with Lucretius, Einsteins  explanation served as indirect evidence of the existence of atoms and molecules. At the turn of the 20th century, the existence of such tiny units of matter was only a theory. In 1908, Jean Perrin experimentally verified Einsteins hypothesis, which earned Perrin the 1926 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter. The mathematical description of Brownian motion is a relatively simple probability calculation, of importance not just in physics and chemistry, but also to describe other statistical phenomena. The first person to propose a mathematical model for Brownian motion was Thorvald N. Thiele in a paper on the least squares method that was published in 1880. A modern model is the Wiener process, named in honor of Norbert Wiener, who described the function of a continuous-time stochastic process. Brownian motion is considered a Gaussian process and a Markov process with continuous path occurring over continuous time. What Is Brownian Motion? Because the movements of atoms and molecules in a liquid and gas is random, over time, larger particles will disperse evenly throughout the medium. If there are two adjacent regions of matter and region A contains twice as many particles as region B, the probability that a particle will leave region A to enter region B is twice as high as the probability a particle will leave region B to enter A. Diffusion, the movement of particles from a region of higher to lower concentration, can be considered a macroscopic example of Brownian motion. Any factor that affects the movement of particles in a fluid impacts the rate of Brownian motion. For example, increased temperature, increased number of particles, small particle size, and low viscosity increase the rate of motion. Brownian Motion Examples Most examples of Brownian motion are transport processes that are affected by larger currents, yet also exhibit pedesis. Examples include: The motion of pollen grains on still waterMovement of dust motes in a room (although largely affected by air currents)Diffusion of pollutants in the airDiffusion of calcium through bonesMovement of holes of electrical charge in semiconductors Importance of Brownian Motion The initial importance of defining and describing Brownian motion was that it supported the modern atomic theory. Today, the mathematical models that describe Brownian motion are used in math, economics, engineering, physics, biology, chemistry, and a host of other disciplines. Brownian Motion Versus Motility It can be difficult to distinguish between a movement due to Brownian motion and movement due to other effects. In biology, for example, an observer needs to be able to tell whether a specimen is moving because it is motile (capable of movement on its own, perhaps due to cilia or flagella) or because it is subject to Brownian motion. Usually, its possible to differentiate between the processes because Brownian motion appears jerky, random, or like a vibration. True motility appears often as a path, or else the motion is twisting or turning in a specific direction. In microbiology, motility can be confirmed if a sample inoculated in a semisolid medium migrates away from a stab line. Source Jean Baptiste Perrin - Facts. NobelPrize.org, Nobel Media AB 2019, July 6, 2019.

Read the requirement carefully and finish on timethis is a group paper Essay

Read the requirement carefully and finish on timethis is a group paper with 3 members - Essay Example 201,000 in 2012. Since this profit is calculated before deducting interest and tax, so the company can plan for distribution of profits after deduction is done, i.e. on PAT (Profit after tax). On deduction of interest from the operating profit, there is a marked decrease in the Profit available before tax by ?94,000. This decrease in profit is due to increase in the amount of bank loan and bank overdraft in between September 2011 and September 2012 for the purpose of continuing operations of the business. As a result of decrease in profit after deduction of interest, the profit for the year has also decreased from ?107,000 in 2011 to ?64,000 in 2012. Reduction in profit would have an adverse effect on the business, such as, the company fail to pay the dues of its creditors, would not be able to pay appropriate dividends to its shareholders, as well the company would face problems in expansion as it would face shortage of funds. The ongoing activities of the business entity would also be affected with such decrease in profits. The financial position as per the balance sheet of TR Ltd. as at 30th September 2012, depicts the following- Though the value of non-current assets are shown in terms of written down value in the balance sheet, the market value of land and buildings as on 30th September 2012 in much more than its written down value. ... An increase in retained profit as on 30th September 2012 depicts that the business entity has retained a part of the profit earned. From the income statement it is found that the business has earned a profit of ?64,000 as on 30th September 2012. As the extra profit retained in the year 2012 amounts to ?34,000, so it can be concluded that the company has drawn an amount of ?34,000 from the profit of ?64,000 and added it to the balance of retained profit. The remaining ?30,000 out of the profit is declared as to be distributed as dividend for the year 2012. An increase in Bank Loan has increased the debt of the firm. Though bank loan is a long term debt but still the company would face problems in meeting its debt if the profit does not increase in the long run. As the profit has decreased in the year 2012 so the company would face problem in meeting its timely payments as agreed upon with the bank. The amount of current liabilities has in the year 2012 but as the profit in the year 20 12 has decreased the company would face problems in meeting the liabilities on time as it will face a shortage of funds. Though the current assets are more than the current liabilities to be met in the year 2012, but still the company would face problems in meeting its liabilities as because the balance of liquid cash available is not sufficient to meet the liabilities and Inventory is not a liquid asset and Trade receivables is yet to be realized. From the above, it can be concluded that the business is at a crucial stage in the year 2012. Though there has been improvement and increase in operations undertaken and performed for the growth and expansion of the business, still the marked decrease in profit

Cross Cultural Communication and Management essay

Cross Cultural Communication and Management - Essay Example racted to work â€Å"in and of itself,† while extrinsic motivation refers to being engaged with work because of external variables, such as management support and the organisational rewards system and practices (Dewett, 2007, p.198). The main tools of analyses for this paper come from Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions and Deutsch’s (1973) theory of cooperation and competition. The subject matter is motivation and the country analyzed is Macau. Organisations that participated were Chinese firms. Motivation strategies through empowerment for Chinese employees in Macau hotels moderately support the perceived effects of high Power Distance (PDI) (Hofstede, 2012) and relates to how empowerment includes cooperation and other external support that can enhance employee performance (Humborstad et al., 2008). Psychological empowerment consists of â€Å"the additive effects, or gestalt of three separate dimensions validated by Spreitzer (1995)† and these dimensions are â€Å"impact, competence, and self-determination† (Drake, Wong, and Salter, 2007, p.72). Employee motivation refers to what drives people to be attracted to their work. Intrinsic motivation pertains to how individuals are attracted to work â€Å"in and of itself,† while extrinsic motivation refers to being engaged with work because of external variables (Dewett, 2007, p.198). Examples of intrinsic motivation are pleasure and entertainment attained from jobs. PDI symbolizes â€Å"the degree to which the less powerful members of a society accept and expect that power is distributed unequally† (Hofstede, 2012). Power distance stands for the nation’s score in how they deal with social inequality (Hofstede, 2012). Inequality happens in areas of fame, wealth, and power, and different societies provide different weights on the consistency for these areas of inequalities (Hofstede, 2012). Values are â€Å"desired end states or standards by which persons evaluate experience, and are largely defined in terms of their

ECONOMICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ECONOMICS - Essay Example In a perfectly competitive market where the consumer is well-informed of the prices of all commodities sold in the market, Perfectly Price Elastic goods are said to exist, wherein even just a very small increase in the price of the good will make the quantity demanded drop to zero. Cross-Price Elasticity (with Substitutes and Complements) Whereas Elasticity of demand refers only to one product, Cross-Price Elasticity is a study of demand elasticity between two goods in the market. Cross-Price Elasticity refers to inter-relation of two goods in the market, looking into the effects that an increase in the price of Good A procures to the quantity demanded of Good B. If an increase in the price of Good A increases the quantity demanded of Good B, then the two goods are said to be Substitutes, where Good A could just substitute and replace Good B, and vice versa, for the consumer demand. However, should the increase in the price of Good A pulls down the quantity demanded for both products , then it can be said that the pair of goods is a Complements.

Phy107 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Phy107 - Essay Example A blackbody emits infrared wavelengths at room temperature. As the temperature increases, the blackbody starts to emit visible light, starting from red to orange, yellow to white and blue with increasing temperature. When the blackbody turns white, it is already emitting ultraviolet radiation. Stefan's Law states that the total energy radiated by a blackbody per unit surface area is directly proportional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature. This means that as temperature increases, the wavelength of the radiation emitted decreases. Doppler Effect, or Doppler shift, happens when an observer is moving relative to the wave source - there is a change in the frequency of the wave perceived by the observer. This means that when we are approaching the wave source, we perceive a higher frequency. When we are receding from the wave source, we perceive a lower frequency. Spectroscopy refers to the dispersion of an object's light into its component colors. By analyzing the light emitted by an object, the physical properties of that object such as temperature, mass, luminosity and composition can be inferred by an astronomer. Continuous spectrum, as opposed to discrete spectrum, refers to energy at all wavelengths. It is emitted by warm objects. The spectrum of light with missing frequencies is called absorption spectrum. ... Continuous spectrum, as opposed to discrete spectrum, refers to energy at all wavelengths. It is emitted by warm objects. The spectrum of light with missing frequencies is called absorption spectrum. The missing frequencies correspond to wavelengths of light that were absorbed. 3. Explain how a beam of light passing through a diffuse cloud may give rise to both absorption and emission spectra. Suppose that a beam of light passes through a gas, some of the frequencies of the light will be absorbed by the gas. The rest of the frequencies will be able to pass through. When these surviving frequencies are dispersed through a prism, they will show a spectrum with gaps on it. The visible spectrum will correspond to the emission spectrum while the dark bands will correspond to the absorption spectrum. 4. List three properties of a star that can be determined from observations of its spectrum. a. Total energy that the star radiates b. Luminosity c. Surface temperature CHAPTER 5 1. List three advantages of reflecting telescopes over refractors. a. Refractors tend to be heavier overall than reflecting telescopes because of their longer solid tubes and require a larger housing and a more massive mount. b. Reflectors don't disperse color as most refractors are to one degree or another. c. In a refractor the lens can only be supported along the edge so that the path is clear for light to come through unobstructed. 2. How does Earth's atmosphere affect what is seen through an optical telescope The Earth's atmosphere is constantly moving, and different layers bend the light from a star in different directions, blurring our view from the ground. 3. What are the advantages of a CCD over a photograph The major advantages of CCD-based cameras are

Teaching Reading in the Content Area Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Teaching Reading in the Content Area - Essay Example I believe that each person should practice this since their childhood and at the same time it is also onus of the teachers to help them in developing such habits. To inculcate such faculties inside a student, I believe that a teacher requires encouraging his students to provide more concentration over study of social sciences and at the same time application of technological devices, such as software, educational CDs or DVDs containing appropriate audio-visual elements also help students to enhance the reflective faculty of the students. As an educator, I have experienced that merging of background knowledge with a new schema is important for application of content both for effective learning and classroom teaching. Most of the time a student does not have sufficient knowledge about the background of the subject that he will be taught. Thus, when a teacher or textbook attempts to apply new schemes for benefit his learning process, the student often finds it quite challenging to adopt with the new schema. To make the whole process simpler for a student the teachers are, I feel, required to come up with new strategic approaches. In same process they also have to take extra responsibility so that they can provide them with such reading assignment, which will help them to receive new information without being confused by new terms. The modern philosophers of education Beck & McKeown have also referred to the same application of these procedures in their book, Questioning the Author. (1996) Most of the terms and terminol ogies that are mentioned in the reading contents are technical and students often feel that those terms do not have any connection with their daily life experience. I believe, as an educator, it is my responsibility to present or help to interpret the technical terms in such ways so that they feel the connection between their real life experience and extreme

Phy107 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Phy107 - Essay Example A blackbody emits infrared wavelengths at room temperature. As the temperature increases, the blackbody starts to emit visible light, starting from red to orange, yellow to white and blue with increasing temperature. When the blackbody turns white, it is already emitting ultraviolet radiation. Stefan's Law states that the total energy radiated by a blackbody per unit surface area is directly proportional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature. This means that as temperature increases, the wavelength of the radiation emitted decreases. Doppler Effect, or Doppler shift, happens when an observer is moving relative to the wave source - there is a change in the frequency of the wave perceived by the observer. This means that when we are approaching the wave source, we perceive a higher frequency. When we are receding from the wave source, we perceive a lower frequency. Spectroscopy refers to the dispersion of an object's light into its component colors. By analyzing the light emitted by an object, the physical properties of that object such as temperature, mass, luminosity and composition can be inferred by an astronomer. Continuous spectrum, as opposed to discrete spectrum, refers to energy at all wavelengths. It is emitted by warm objects. The spectrum of light with missing frequencies is called absorption spectrum. ... Continuous spectrum, as opposed to discrete spectrum, refers to energy at all wavelengths. It is emitted by warm objects. The spectrum of light with missing frequencies is called absorption spectrum. The missing frequencies correspond to wavelengths of light that were absorbed. 3. Explain how a beam of light passing through a diffuse cloud may give rise to both absorption and emission spectra. Suppose that a beam of light passes through a gas, some of the frequencies of the light will be absorbed by the gas. The rest of the frequencies will be able to pass through. When these surviving frequencies are dispersed through a prism, they will show a spectrum with gaps on it. The visible spectrum will correspond to the emission spectrum while the dark bands will correspond to the absorption spectrum. 4. List three properties of a star that can be determined from observations of its spectrum. a. Total energy that the star radiates b. Luminosity c. Surface temperature CHAPTER 5 1. List three advantages of reflecting telescopes over refractors. a. Refractors tend to be heavier overall than reflecting telescopes because of their longer solid tubes and require a larger housing and a more massive mount. b. Reflectors don't disperse color as most refractors are to one degree or another. c. In a refractor the lens can only be supported along the edge so that the path is clear for light to come through unobstructed. 2. How does Earth's atmosphere affect what is seen through an optical telescope The Earth's atmosphere is constantly moving, and different layers bend the light from a star in different directions, blurring our view from the ground. 3. What are the advantages of a CCD over a photograph The major advantages of CCD-based cameras are

MACROECONOMICS Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

MACROECONOMICS - Case Study Example This results in the shift of the AD curve to the left. Aggregate supply (AS) is the total desired output of all the nations’ producer (Chrystal, p. 666). Since there is imported inflation in UK because of the rising oil prices, the AS is shifted leftwards as shown in the diagram below. Keynesians argue that demand (AD) finds its own supply. They stress about increasing AD or implementing policies that will stimulate aggregate demand. Monetary and Fiscal policies are demand-side policies; they serve to boost Aggregate demand. Aggregate demand can be increased by implementing expansionary fiscal policy like more government spending and lower tax rates and expansionary monetary policy which is reducing interest rates and increasing money supply. Classical economists are proponents of supply-side policies. They argue that supply finds its own demand. They are in favor of boosting aggregate supply through supply side policies like training and educating workers. Classical economist s argue that if AS increases due to supply-side policies, there will be less inflation. Inflation associated with production costs will be lowered. There is also lower structural and frictional unemployment as a result of increased AS. It works this way: increasing AS will require more workers so employers will start hiring. Since productivity increases as a result of increasing AS supply, a country like UK will be able to export more as a result of this. Q.b) This economic shock where the whole economy has slowed will result in workers being laid off and people who are already unemployed will find it very difficult to find a job. Cyclical unemployment or demand-deficient unemployment occurs whenever total demand is insufficient to purchase all of the economy’s potential output, causing a recessionary gap in which actual output is less than potential output (Chrystal, 2004, p. 595). It can be measured as the number of people who would be employed if the economy were at potent ial GDP minus the number of persons currently employed (Chrystal, 2004). Frictional unemployment results from the normal turnover of labor. Young people who enter the labor force and searching for jobs are an important source of frictional unemployment (Chrystal, 2004, p. 600). Also people who are planning to switch their present job are a source of frictional unemployment. Some people leave a job because of job-dissatisfaction and others are terminated. Structural unemployment occurs because structural adjustments can cause unemployment (Chrystal, 2004). Since the demand for labor is a derived demand, when the demand for product changes, the demand for labor also changes. If labor does not adjust as per the changing product demand, there is structural unemployment. Cyclical unemployment best describes the rising unemployment in the UK. Since UK is in the recessionary period of the business cycle, it means there is low economic activity and also there is less demand for the countryà ¢â‚¬â„¢s output. Hysteresis is a Greek word which means ‘coming late’ and in economics, it means that the current equilibrium is not independent of what has gone before- it is path dependent (Chrystal, 2004, p. 601). The impact of hysteresis on NAIRU (natural rate of unemployment) is that the NAIRU will be higher after periods of high unemployment than after periods of low unemployment. Through hysteresis, the shock

Inclusive Education Essay Example for Free

Inclusive Education Essay Inclusive Education refers to educational institutions and systems that accommodate all children to develop their cognitive and intellectual skills. The diversity of the children poses a challenge for the system as the main goal of the program is to ensure all children learn and partake in the educational experience of the program. The teachers, school and the system itself has be transformed to accommodate the varied educational needs of the children in the program. This means that the system should not disregard each child’s own character in the process of learning. For this to be possible, the system should determine the different barriers and factors that affect the learning processes of the individuals. Inclusive education breaks the different barriers to include children who are then excluded from the mainstream school systems groups. Though placing the excluded children in the mainstream educational system does not guarantee results of inclusiveness, the system must greatly lay its key principles and practices to be effective. Inclusive education is guided by principles which are determined to meet the goals of the program to include all children in the mainstream educational system. The right of a child to inherent education on the basis of equality and opportunity is given in the Constitution as a basic right of the child. The parameters that all children are included in the mainstream educational system means that no child shall be discriminated upon on all aspects, such as race, sex, religion, disability and others. There is also the realization that all children can learn and benefit from education and the educational institutions must adapt to the needs of the children in their different learning process mechanisms. The right of the children to be different from one another no matter whatever views or opinions they may have should also be given utmost attention by educators. And educators, as persons responsible for honing their intellectual and cognitive skills are addressed with a wide and flexible options. The inclusive schools must be aware that the concept of inclusive education is not a process and can not have immediate results. Key players of the program, like the children, parents and the community must have an active participation in the process. The system must determine the diversity of the children, and how to address them by lessening the barriers. The system must always be in the pursuit to provide accessible curriculum for the children, program and training for the teachers, and continuously gather information and support not only to the children but also to the children. . Benefits of the Inclusive Education Researches show the benefits of inclusive education. Teachers are different in their own ways. They have different teaching practices and methods that suits both able and disabled children. The program of including disabled children into the mainstream educational system poses a challenge to educators as though their needs are different; the educator must be able to teach them in the same way they teach the children without disabilities. All the children greatly benefits from the diversity because the socialization process is unique and conducive for the children’s’ communication and interaction skills. The children will learn different things from one another, even build friendship from the experience. Involving the disabled with the non-disabled peers allows the children to realize that there are no significant differences between them. This will greatly help the children face the reality of living in the real world. The disabled students will then be able to realize that their worth are appreciated and not looked upon in the classroom. This will help their confidence and trust in themselves. The educators must also enforce positive modeling in the classroom for the children to accept their differences for them to get along more. In a three day Disability Knowledge and Research conference in Bangladesh in May 2005, the Executive Director for Center for Services and Information on Disability was quoted saying that â€Å"Inclusive education is about children. They must be at the center of our discussions and represented in our research. † (Trott 2005. ) (www. disabilitykar. net) This strengthened the motivation of over 60 participants from Asia, America and European nations of the conference to promote the inclusive education program. This aims to convene all advocates of Inclusive Education in to reaching the goal of integrating the mainstream educational system with the excluded children. Some studies had been made to determine the effectiveness of the program and how the educational system needs to adopt this system. In 1995, a National Study of Inclusive Education report of NCERI in school districts in 9 states in the US shows how the inclusive education program will greatly benefit the children throughout the country. The research reported positive changes in the students, increased independence among themselves and self-esteem. Their academic skills also improved along with the children’s communication skills. In 1997, researchers Lipsky and Gartner conclude that the data they have gathered had shown the positive trend of improvement from different aspects such as the children’s academic skills, social skills and their behavior. (2004 . ) (http://www. projectchoices. org/faqBenefits. aspx) The report strengthens the advocacy of the Inclusive Education program to be implemented in the country. Another research done in the year 1994-1995 by Staub and Peck(2004 . ) (http://www. projectchoices. org/faqBenefits. aspx) discovered the common concerns of the program for the children and the education system. These are: the academic performance of the nondisabled children, the time and attention given by the teacher, and the disabled students learning undesirable behavior from students with disabilities. The report will help in determining the boundaries of the inclusive education program and will allow the formulation of solutions for the problems mentioned. It should be noted that the program must be able to focus on both the disabled and nondisabled students learning processes. The educators must also find a balance in which they can attend to the needs of the children, though differently, this must be addressed to the teachers. The third concern deals with how the differences between the children are able to influence one another. The children learn things from their peers, and it is of great concern for the program to limit the bad influences from the children. The earlier research focus on the how the program will affect the children. The results have found no supporting conclusions for Staub and Peck’s research determining the three main concerns of the program. The researchers did another study in which they were able to determine the benefits of inclusive education. The program reduces the fear of differences between human, in particular children, because of increased comfort and awareness of one another. There has also been growth in social cognition as the differences in each person were made aware. The self-concept, or what is perceived as to be the true concept of a persons’ self, has improved. The program also develops personal principles and friendship among the children amidst of their differences. (2004 . ) (http://www. projectchoices. org/faqBenefits. aspx)

Developing Road Protection Program Policy

Developing Road Protection Program Policy Theory of microeconomics Introduction Consumers of the American region, in particular, road are the ones who have the right to be safe and protected as it is outlined in the mechanisms of environmental protection. The inclusion of this statement will be valid for any possible products and services that are being provided in the market place to promote safety devices providing consumers with the believes and faith that their functionality is to provide protection to their road and that they can be sound around different objects of threat and harm. Consumers are supposed to be educated in terms of increasing their knowledge and awareness of being informed shoppers and their rights to consume products that are safer for road. Consumers in this regard should also know the hazards which can take place while specific products are currently in implication. The launch of a product is not merely the availability of something useful; it should rather be safe to use after the purchase is made. Multiple consumers are supposedly repo rted by ANEC (American Association for the Co-ordination of Consumer Representation in Standardization) undertake the CE mark to be the official safety seal when there is no universal American mark that allows a product to be used on safe terms. Serious injuries and even fatal accidents have been reported associated with various products in many Member States’ system of national data in the region. Within the US market therefore, there is an essential need of evaluation and measurement of the consumer product safety regulations in an essential manner. The chosen product is baby prams for the purpose of analysis in this report. Discussion Health aspects and road protection programs determine the success and practical approach of a product company because all of the individuals and managing persons like to take advantage of such facilities over time. Just when they are allowed to fulfill the expectations from work, they are also going for free assessments, training sessions and check-ups as well. This clearly indicates the level of interests in people for the road protection programs to be introduced in the system for good. Management in dealing with road protection programs is extremely important when it comes to providing a centre of achievements and coordination. No matter what an individual is getting out of these programs, on a cultivated level, the aim of any corporation while introducing these road protection programs is to help their employees lead a professional approach and lives through education and self-management in all terms. Road side protective plan and management of environmental factors is of great importance and diversity as well because there are different aspects involved with it that are not only convenient to understand but very applicable and successful as well. Where people think value chain is only predictable and applicable on the business management firms and organizations but it can also be implemented on different technological factors and considerations. Things like information systems and production work can also imply value chain model very practically. Information systems are all about carrying out the purchasing, communication, material handling and several other aspects which value chain model can handle pretty well if implied in a better manner. Technology has advanced with modernization and enhancement of different activities throughout the world and value chain model can make it even susceptible and prone to getting on intermediate success height. The idea which value chain model can base on when it comes to connecting it with information systems is that an organization is more than just manpower, resources, outlook and research or the machinery and equipment that is being used at all times; it is about the arrangement and a systematic appearance and organization of different production facilities. Within information systems, technology matters and consumers want to get something which they are paying for and in this matter it is highly important and significant that the value chain model supports the idea generation and background of the material provided. The ability to go on making progress with the routine activities generating different developmental arrangements will be the linkage point between the information syste ms and value chain model. For the success of road protection programs and their implementations, there are some basic elements and considerations which should be contemplated and noted down. Here are those functional basics and predisposition requirements to look over. Support and direction from the leading services If the management that is belonging to the upper level of a road protection industry is not involved with the road protection programs and its strategic implementation, it will remain a low priority with managers and other employees and there will no specific clue as to what should be done about it for a successful and clearer approach. For this reason, there should be clear decisions taken to make sure CEOs and other beneficiaries are involved with the procedure to make employee’s physical and mental state health and essential enough. Involvement of employees in the developmental procedure Just when the layout for road protection program for a company is being designed, there should be a common sense approach of employees with it as well since the implementations are taken place for the employees on their own. It is therefore critical for that matter to have planned the logistics and classes which are to be moderated later on. Employees should support these programs in a cultivated fashion to support their own personal beings and participate further to what they have developed on their own. Objective analysis Just when the hospitality industry is making road protection program plans and different commencements or determining which techniques can be implemented for the causes, there should be suitable planning done for the purposes as well. In order to have successful implementations of these programs, it is important for the internal and external factors to be balanced out which is why a careful monitoring and observation is required essentially (Roberts, 1996). In order to have the road protection programs projected in a manner that they will increase the productivity of a company, there should be checking as in determining if these plans are meeting the objectives and purposes on a normal, usual basis. To do that, there should be surveys and production analysis to the means and measurements. This will determine and clarify which plans have been the most effective and which sets of instructions are the most captivating ones. External assessments can also be carried out to know whether th ey have been any helpful and moderating for the cause or not. Having a budget plan Having budget plan for the road protection program is the most important and essential out of all the management considerations because this is going to cover the allowances and extra techniques that are being employed on the employees and it will also commence the extent to which these management tactics can be extended over time. This will analyze the road protection programs as a vital part of the organization and not only that, it will also cause the settings to become more motivational and stronger with the gradual time allowance and movement. Budgeting will also ensure that expenses of the programs are controlled in a specific manner and that the funds are not being wasted. Although road protection programs are not invented by different companies for stress reduction and several other soothing techniques, it is an integral part of customer service and productivity in an important manner. The significance of eliminating stress and frantic behavior from the customer service management should ultimately be removed and therefore, hospitality industry emphasizes on having proper measurements and a proactive approach towards road protection programs and applications. Effective functioning of those business components is required for any road and environment protection serving within any region of the world because they are known commodities for the effective implications and therefore proper advancements of the social backgrounds. These set of backgrounds are important to be included within the road and environment protection because they prove a greater amount of competitiveness and advantages within the social arrangements. The qualities and information availability assures attainment of major contracts and consumers for those hotels which have labors and skills for the purpose in a benefitting manner. The specifications and reviews are also approached for those companies and hotels that follow such regimens; contribution of employees for that matter are extremely important as well because the guidelines and appropriate rules are going to define a majority of conclusive approximations which are necessary for the hospitality causes and for the i ndustry. For the skills and their fitting to the broader system of work, there are different job designing parameters for the validation of staff. Such purposes are fulfilled with the help of labors and skills as well and they are important for effectual strategic placement as well as recruitment of more individuals. Labors and skills are important in creative aspects of the road and environment protection as well culminating within the responses of multiple advancements; there are individuals required for thinking procedures and creative responses as well and they can only be found in cases of proper selection and foundation of individuals. Growth and developmental factors hinge on such arrangements too. Conclusion Health should be a top priority when it comes to talking about things which an affiliation or a company should do for its product because it is something very essential and important and not only it can be taken out much derivations from but also carried out to have successful planning done within a considerable amount of time. There are a lot of different companies that do not recognize and undermine the benefits and advantages of the road protection programs and the ones which haven’t done so up until now still believe in the concept for an increase in the productivity and employee involvement in a single company. It can be directed towards anything and everything that an individual can go through including work stress or an ailment that the individual is already suffering from in the first place. Creating and implementing road protective programs on different levels of a product organization is essential and important and it is full of outcomes and results that are positive and ready to be customized in any way one can possibly think about. For the manufacture industry, it is even more compelling and advanced because this allows for every sector of this association to have complete control and command over their abilities. It is a field where people as employees need to provide their customers and consumers with the satisfactory outcomes and results that they need and it can be only achieved when the staff is feeling up to the mark and their mental health is not being compromised for some reasons and that they are enjoying their tasks in a beneficial manner. While buying products, the consumers should know of the regulations and commencements as well in order to provide prams or other associated products that are safer to use and convenient to operate. Knowing the components that are harnessed effectively and to create a balanced use for the road is important and beneficial as well. In the US product manufacture industry, the regulations should be taken into account by both the companies and customers to create proper awareness and knowledge of the topic. References Allen, N. J., and Meyer, J. P. (1990).The Measurement and Antecedents of Affectice, Continuance and Normative Commitment to the Organization. Journal of Organizational 80, Psychology, 63, 1-18. Apospori, E., Nikandrou, I., Brewster, C., and Papalexandris, N. (2008), ‘HRM and Organizational Performance in Northern and Southern Europe,’ International Journal of Human Resource Management 19, 7, 1187–1207. Barrett, A., O’Connell, P. J. 2001. Does training generally work? The returns to in company Training. Industrial and Labour Relations Review, 54(3): 647-662. Oribabor, P.E. (2000), â€Å"Human Resources Management, A Strategic Approval Human Resources Management 9 (4) 21 24 Peteraf, M.A. (1993), ‘The Cornerstones of Competitive Advantage: A Resource-Based View,’ Strategic Management Journal, 14, 3, 179–192. Stavrou, E., Brewster, C., and Charalambous, C. (2004), ‘Human Resource Management as a Competitive Tool in Europe,’ work paper, London: Henley College.20. Tyson, S., Tyson, S., and Fell, A. (1986), Evaluating the Personnel Function, London: Hutchinson. Role of Training in Determining the Employee Corporate Behavior with Respect to Organizational Productivity: Developing and Proposing a Conceptual Model Vol. 5, No. 12; December 2010

Femininity Versus Androgyny in The Laugh of the Medusa and A Room of Ones Own :: A Room of Ones Own Essays

Femininity Versus Androgyny in The Laugh of the Medusa and A Room of One's Own      Ã‚  Ã‚   There is much debate in feminist circles over the "best" way to liberate women through writing. Some argue that a female writer should, in an effort to recapture her stolen identity, attack her oppressive influences and embrace her femininity, simultaneously fostering dimorphic literary, linguistic, and social arenas. Others contend that the feminization of writing pigeonholes women into an artistic slave morality, a mindset that expends creative energy on battle and not production, and inefficiently overturns stereotypes and foments positive social change; rather, one should lose gender self-consciousness and write androgynously.    Hà ©là ¨ne Cixous and Virginia Woolf, in "The Laugh of the Medusa" and "A Room of One's Own," respectively, epitomize these opposing ideologies, highlighting different historical sources for women's literary persecution, theorizing divergent plans for women's progress, and stylistically mirroring their ideas. Ultimately, the primary difference is in each philosophy's time frame and belief over how much influence writing has to "empower," to borrow a current feminist buzzword. For Cixous, women's writing goes hand in hand with women's liberation: "Writing is precisely the very possibility of change, the space that can serve as a springboard for subversive thought, the precursory movement of a transformation of social and cultural structures" (311). Woolf, however, sees women's writing as emblematic of and dependent on women's progress in general; only with "a room of her own and five hundred a year," through widespread social change, will her fictional Mary Carmichael "be a poet" (9 4).    One of Cixous's main intents is "to break up, to destroy" (309). This destruction of injustice colors her entire perspective; much of her essay is devoted to reaction, to toppling the tyranny of men. Men's writing, she argues, "is a locus where the repression of women has been perpetuated, over and over, more or less consciously, and...has grossly exaggerated all the signs of sexual opposition" (311). Cixous compares women's self-image to that of disenfranchised blacks: "They can be taught that their territory is black: because you are Africa, you are black. Your continent is dark. Dark is dangerous...And so we have internalized this horror of the dark" (310). Through these cultural judgments, men "have made for women an antinarcissism!...They have constructed the infamous logic of antilove" (310). She connects this antilove most strongly with self-loathing for the body: "We've been turned away from our bodies, shamefully taught to ignore them, to strike them with that stupid sexual modesty" (315).

Goal Statement Essay

Degree program: Master of Science in Mental Health Counseling with a specialization in Trauma and Crisis Counseling Personal/Professional Goals My professional goal is to obtain Walden’s Master’s degree in mental health counseling with a specialization in trauma and crisis and become a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC). I would especially like to work with soldiers who have been affected by frequent deployments and their families to help them overcome their personal and social problems that have, without a doubt, strong negative influences on their lives. Throughout my life I have always been drawn to opportunities that helped others lead a healthier and happier life. As a military spouse I have witnessed the need the military community has for qualified mental health professionals and decided to pursue the counseling profession to give back to the community that has provided my family with so much. My own personal experiences as a military spouse have helped me become quite familiar with the lifestyle and many challenges members of the military and their families face. I feel my own experiences would put me in the unique position to truly understand the conflicts of my clients, which will in turn increase credibility with my clients, and should greatly contribute to a good client-therapist relationship. My background allows for a close bond with the community I would like to work with. I feel I could make a significant difference in military families’ lives with the aid of a degree in mental health counseling. Personal Qualities I possess various people skills that are, in my opinion, vital to mental health professionals in terms of perceptual, interpersonal, and problem-solving skills. I am a very diligent and attentive person who deeply cares for others. It is important for me to help others overcome their own difficulties or lighten their burdens through therapy. Through my own experiences in the past I have learned happiness and fulfillment start in one’s own heart and, most importantly, one’s own mind. The profession of mental health counselor will provide me with the opportunity to contribute to my community in a meaningful way. Why Walden? As a working mother and wife, I feel the online format of learning has provided me with the greatest amount of opportunities. Walden’s quality  mental health counseling program is exactly what I was looking for because it allows me to continue to support my family financially while pursuing an excellent education. I would be honored to become part of Walden University’s pool of students, and I am looking forward to the deep immersion in the study of counseling strategies, intervention models, and the early diagnosis and prevention of problems. Thank you for your consideration.

U.S. Dollar Exchange Rate And Oil Price

Both U.S. Dollar exchange rate and the oil monetary value are foremost variables which coerce the patterned advance of the universe economic system. Fluctuations in these variables deeply affect international trade and economic activities in all the states. Determination of the nexus between these cardinal variables is one of the critical issues, whether they are correlated or non. Is at that place any empirical grounds on the nexus between the variables? In this literature, I initiate by appraising all theoretical grounds that could clarify the relationship between U.S. Dollar exchange rate and oil monetary values. To get down with, as oil monetary value and oil trade is denominated in United State ‘s Dollars, motions in the effectual exchange rate of U.S. Dollar impact the monetary value of oil as alleged by all states outside United States. Therefore, fluctuation in the dollar exchange rate can arouse alterations in demand and supply of oil, which cause alterations in the oil monetary value. Second, the opposite tendency can besides be found, i.e. , oil monetary value fluctuation trigger alterations in effectual exchange rate. The ground can be found in the literatures on the effectual exchange rates. In the theoretical account proposed by Farquee ( 1995 ) , if a state stocks foreign assets, its effectual exchange rate appreciates and this motion occurs without hindering its current history balances. This is due to the ground that capital income absorbs the loss in trade grosss induced by the deteriorated fight. Change in oil monetary value affects all the universe instabilities and this induced alteration in international assets may hold an impact on effectual exchange rates of different states of the universe. Last but non the least, I take aggregation of different portfolio theoretical accounts, most significantly the 1s by Golub ( 1983 ) and Krugman ( 1983a ) which are developed to account for trade and fiscal interactions such as assistance and grants between United States, oil manufacturer states and the remainder of the universe particularly Europe. The comprehensive study of theoretical and empirical interactions between the two cardinal variables opens the manner for every possible nexus between the two variables either negative, positive and in both waies of causality. If there are some theoretical grounds for every possible nexus, so one has to be stronger than others. Therefore, the inquiry is to unknot the alternate theoretical account by facing to the informations. I hence, conduct an empirical survey of the relationship between dollar existent effectual exchange rate and the oil monetary values over the period straddling from 2007 to till day of the month. Prime focal point is on the long term relationship between these two vital variables. Among the possible account reviewed, the one affecting the equilibrium exchange rate is the exclusive account which fit the found relationship. The possible continuance of a long-run relationship between the dollar effectual exchange rate and oil monetary value assume causality between these variables. Earlier surveies show a causality way from oil monetary values to the U.S. dollar ( Amano and van Norden, 1995 among others ) . However, there are some statements which justify opposite way of causality i.e. , from U.S dollar to the oil monetary value. In this literature, I study the two types of causality and seek to measure the resulting of the relationship which determines the tendency of motion. The effectual dollar exchange rate has significant impact on the demand and supply of oil since it had influence on the monetary value of oil. The depreciation in the dollar reduces the monetary value of oil in the local markets of the states holding their several currencies under drifting exchange rate like Japan or Euro Zone. The states which have pegged their currency with the dollar have impersonal affect such as China. Generally, a lessening in the dollar exchange rate reduces the oil monetary value in the local markets of the consumer states. The lessening in monetary value of oil finally increases the demand for oil monetary value. This can be stated that dollar depreciation has positive impact on demand for oil and this addition demand contributes towards the rise in the monetary value of the oil. Oil companies use local currencies of manufacturer currencies to pay the fiscal liabilities and current fiscal duties such as rewards, revenue enhancements and other runing cost. These currencies are frequently linked or pegged to the dollar due to the fact that they fall in fixed-exchange rate governments adopted by most manufacturer states ( Frankel, 2003 ) . The alterations in monetary value of oil due to the alteration in the dollar exchange rate is less as estimated by the manufacturer states than estimated by the demander or consumer states. Necessary boring activities are linked straight to the oil monetary value. When oil monetary value addition, oil production besides addition by the manufacturer states to gain extra net incomes. This fact has been proved by different empirical surveies in states like North America, Latin American and Middle East. But this fact has non been proved true for African and European states. It is of import to that the relationship between boring a ctivities and oil monetary value in dollars has well changed since 1999. But it is difficult to happen that whether this alteration occur due to the debut of Euro currency in 1999 or due to the decrease in oil monetary value in 1998. Depreciation in the dollar monetary value novices rising prices ensuing decrease in the income of oil manufacturer states, the currencies which are pegged to the dollar. All the states are non affected in the say manner, states which mostly import from USA like OPEC is less affected than states than states which imports from Europe or Asia. Overall, depreciation in the dollar monetary value may cut down the supply of oil. On the short tally, supply is less or decrepit elastic to the monetary value in upward and downward way. The upward weak flexibleness is due to the production restraint and the downward flexibleness is weak due to really little fringy cost. Demand is besides inelastic in the short tally due to the deficiency of replacements available in the short tally ( Carnot and Hagege, 2004 ) . In short, demand and supply of oil in short is about inelastic in the short tally. Noticeable alterations in the supply and demand are chiefly discernible on the long term period. At this phase supply is more elastic due to the capableness of new investing and demand is more elastic due to the handiness of close replacements. By and large, a dollar effectual exchange rate depreciation cause an addition in the demand and supply of the oil significantly merely in the long tally, which tends to increase oil monetary value. The early old ages of 2000 ‘s period are an first-class illustration of this mechanism. Hagege and Carnot ( 2004 ) underlined that the addition in oil monetary values stems from two coincident factors on the one manus, incorrect appraisal of utmost demand for oil from United States and China. On the other manus, decreasing investing in the oil sector causes stagnancy in the capacity sweetening of oil supply. If this mechanism of demand and supply can right explicate the state of affairs of 2000s so this mechanism is unable to account for the relationship found in different empirical surveies. There are several groundss and grounds to believe that oil monetary value could impact dollar effectual exchange rate. Most frequent account of this impact that oil bring forthing states prefer fiscal investing in dollars ( Amano & A ; van Norden, 1993 & A ; 1995 ) . This model, explains that a haste in the oil monetary value boot the wealth of the oil manufacturer states which in bend addition the demand for dollar. Another account of this impact of oil monetary value on exchange rate can be found in the theoretical accounts such as Farguee ( 1995 ) and BEER theoretical account proposed by McDonald and Clark ( 1998 ) . In this attack, two independent variables are often used for explicating the exchange rate i.e. , net foreign investing and the footings of trade. A speedy initial concluding leads to a negative relation between oil monetary value and the dollar exchange rate. Addition in oil monetary value should deteriorate the United States footings of trade which consequences in t he dollar monetary value depreciation. A more comprehensive account would let explicating the positive relationship normally found in the literature by taking in history the comparative consequence on the United States compared to its trade spouses. If United States is an of import oil importer, an oil monetary value addition can deteriorate its state of affairs, nevertheless, if US import less than some other states like Japan or Euro zone, its place may good better compared to the other states. In this state of affairs, addition in the oil monetary value would take to the grasp in the dollar monetary value comparatively to the hankering and the euro, finally it leads to grasp in effectual footings in dollar. In an attack proposed by Krugman ( 1983a ) uses a vivacious symmetricalness of model to pattern how manufacturer states use the gross of their oil exports in dollars. Change in demand for dollar will impact the dollar exchange rate. The proposed theoretical account can be expressed mathematically as:Ten = CYWhere Ten = Oil monetary value denominated in dollar Y = Effective exchange rate of dollar C = Correlation Co-efficient This theoretical accounts help to find the correlativity between the oil monetary value and the effectual dollar exchange rate, either it is positive, negative or impersonal. This theoretical account besides explains the short term and long term impact of oil monetary value on the effectual exchange rate of the dollar and frailty versa. This empirical survey use monthly informations of oil monetary value denominated in the U.S dollar. Oil monetary values are expressed in existent footings and the exchange rate of dollar is effectual exchange rate. This survey tests the hypothesis at 5 % degree of significance. Hypothesis to be tested is as follows: Ho = There is a no correlativity between the oil monetary value and effectual exchange rate of dollar H1 = There is a correlativity between the two variables. Ho = There is a negative correlativity between the two variables H1 = There is positive correlativity between the oil monetary value and effectual exchange rate Above hypothesis are tested by Spearman rank correlativity utilizing SPSS, renowned statistical package. Data for this variable is collected through different beginnings such as Central Bank of Germany, Data Stream and Economagic which maintain the monthly norm informations of oil monetary value, effectual exchange rate and international gold monetary values. Sample size is of 42 values from each class. Oil monetary values and gold monetary values are denominated in the US dollar. Apparent observation of the natural information indicates the positive relation between oil monetary value and effectual dollar exchange rate.TestingThe testing of the hypothesis is done through SPSS v.16. Econometric technique of Spearman Rank Correlation is applied as it falls in the categorization of non-parametric trial. The consequences of econometric analysis shows that there is a medium positive correlativity between the oil monetary value and effectual exchange rate of dollar as co-efficient of correlativity is 0.316 which means that 1 dollar or 1 percent addition in oil monetary value will increase 0.316 % in the effectual dollar exchange rate. The oil monetary values show more variableness as compared to the exchange rate. The graphical presentation of the original information is as follows:Graphic Presentation of Oil Price and Exchange RateAbove graph shows a general positive tendency between the two variables over the period crossing from January 2007 to October 2010. The graph besides reveals greater variableness in the oil monetary value and less in the exchange rate. The variables are assigned as OP referred to oil monetary value and ER referred to effectual exchange rate of US dollar. The tabulated consequences show that there is a somewhat negative correlativity between the oil monetary value and gold rate. If oil monetary value addition by 1 % gold monetary value will diminish by 0.05 per centum under the influence of oil monetary value. The graphical presentation of the original values of oil monetary value and gold rate are as follows: The tabulated consequences show that there is little positive correlativity between the gold rate and the oil monetary value which means that 1 % addition in the exchange rate gives 0.085 % addition in the gold rate. The graphical presentation of the original informations of gilded monetary value and the exchange rate is follows:DecisionIn this literature, I have tried to happen the nexus between the US dollar effectual exchange rate and existent oil monetary values. Overall this survey focal point on merely the US dollar effectual exchange rate and existent oil monetary values but subsequently one other critical factor besides included in the theoretical account which helps to happen the corresponding dealingss between the variables. This survey shows that there is a important relation between the existent oil monetary values and the effectual exchange rate. In the short tally, consequences may be reverse but in the long tally consequences are in support of earlier surveies, which c oncluded that there is positive relationship between the exchange rate and the effectual dollar exchange rate. The fluctuation in the oil monetary value is far more intense than the fluctuation in the oil monetary value. This phenomenon is evident through the tested results and the besides in the graphical presentation. The adjustment velocity of effectual exchange rate is less than the oil monetary value. Results besides reveal that addition in the oil monetary value will increase the net foreign assets of the United States of America. The states whose currency is pegged to the US dollar will endure less with the addition in the oil monetary value and those states who falls in the floating exchange rate is affected more. The consequences besides reveals the of import fact, which is that the United States of America is basking the benefits of low monetary value and cheapest oil based energy over the period of more than half century as oil monetary value is denominated and traded worldwide in the US dollar. The addition in the oil monetary value will increase the demand for more US dollars to purchase the same quantum of oil and this increased demand will impact the exchange rate of the state with regard to the US dollar and this addition the import measure of the several consumer states and the manufacturer states will bask the benefits of more wealth.