Why Is The Crucible So Called Essay - 2263 Words

How is The Crucible appropriately titled? The word crucible is used by Arthur Miller in his play as a metaphor. The first definition of the word crucible is: a melting pot especially for metals. In the play this is first acknowledged during the first act, as we gradually piece together the information concerning the girls dancing. The kettle viewed by Reverend Parris mirrors a crucible. We are told that the girls had made a brew which contained a little frog and blood is therefore viewed by the characters involved as a potent, fearsome mixture and this signifies the beginning of the Salem tragedy. It seems that from this brew a more sinister force is released. The dancing and the contents of the little pot seem to fuel the†¦show more content†¦The Salem community was rife with latent hostilities and the witch trials provided an outlet for the expression of those hostilities in a society which had little opportunity for speaking out. The society was so confined and ordered so when people had a small chance to experie nce freedom they went to far to the other extreme and suspicions and envy burst into revenge. Individual disputes were considered immoral because they meant breaking charity withs one neighbours. There was much unexpressed, unexpiated guilt in the community. For example Abigail had a grudge against Elizabeth Proctor because Elizabeth fired her after she discovered that Abigail was having an affair with her husband, John Proctor. Abigail used the witchcraft craze to accuse Elizabeth and have her sent to jail. The purpose of a crucible is to melt things in and for this you need very high temperatures. This is illustrated in the play, when the judge Danforth says to Proctor in Act Three We burn a hot fire here; it melts down all concealment. The court scenes were times of tension, intensity, pressure and conflicts between powerful authority refusing to realise they have signed away innocent lives on the strength of a lie. Also things are permanently and physically changed in a crucible, they are turned from one thing into another. This is reflected in the play by the fact that many things in the play are exertedShow MoreRelatedWhy Is the Crucible so Called Essay2321 Words   |  10 PagesHow is #8216;The Crucible#8217; appropriately titled? The word #8216;crucible#8217; is used by Arthur Miller in his play as a metaphor. The first definition of the word crucible is: a melting pot especially for metals. In the play this is first acknowledged during the first act, as we gradually piece together the information concerning the girls dancing. The #8216;kettle#8217; viewed by Reverend Parris mirrors a crucible. We are told that the girls had made a brew which contained aRead MoreArthur Millers The Crucible And The Second Red Scare1293 Words   |  6 Pages In Arthur Miller’s â€Å"Why I Wrote The Crucible†, Miller connects The Crucible and the Second Red Scare by highlighting his process of writing which in return displays the two different time era’s similarities. He states, â€Å"[W]hen I began to think of writing about the hunt for Reds in America, I was motivated in some great part by the paralysis that had set in among many liberals who, despite their discomfort with the inquisitors’ vio lations of civil rights, were fearful†¦of being identified as Communists†Read MoreEssay On The Red Scare Allegory For The Crucible878 Words   |  4 PagesRed scare allegory for the crucible The salem witch hunts and the Red Scare caused big problems and death in the U.S. In 1950 everyone was scared that communism would spread to the united states and McCarthy wanted to get rid of all communist in the united states but instead accused innocent citizens. In salem 1692 multiple girls were out in the woods dancing and were thought to be possessed and working with the devil. Girls accused many citizens in salem claiming they were witches and causingRead More McCarthyism versus The Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay example1174 Words   |  5 Pagesschools, and other areas. This was called the Red Scare (Brinkley). One writer that used this era as a basis for his play, The Crucible, was Arthur Miller. He was able to capture the panic and mere insanity of many Americans in an allegorical way. The crusade against subversion played a significant role in the following: the actions and tactics of McCarthy, the reasons why Miller and other artists were targets of McCarthyism, and th e relationship of his play The Crucible to the events of the late 1940sRead MoreThe Crucible Response Essay930 Words   |  4 PagesArthur Miller’s â€Å"The Crucible† was written in response to the United States and Russia Red Scare. Miller used the â€Å"The Crucible† to inform people of how hysteria of the Salem witch trials resembled the communist accusations happening within the American government. At the time, McCarthy’s â€Å"witch hunts† for communist committing sedition. As opposed to the Red Scare, â€Å"The Crucible† started due to an actual witch craft incident. The Red Scare however, began due to real accounts of treason and communismRead MoreEssay Compared To The Crucible736 Words   |  3 PagesIn Arthur Miller book, â€Å"The Crucible† the government accused people of McCarthyism and during the red scare people were accused of communism. During the years of 1692-1693 people accused of witchcraft were hung by the jury with no remorse. The comparison between the two is that Arthur Miller wrote a play to compare to the Salem Witch Trials. Within The Red Scare if people were accused of being a communist then they would be blacklisted. When blacklisted you would lose your job and become pretty muchRead More The Parallels Between Arthur Millers Life and His Play, The Crucible1486 Words   |  6 Pageshappened many years ago—and write about it effectively. Only one has had the courage and intelligence to do both. Arthur Miller was an American author who wrote plays, essays, and stories and has published works dating from to 1936 through 2004. The Crucible, one of his most famous plays, premiered in New York on January 22, 1953 (InfoTrac). It is a historical-fiction story set in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692. The witch hunt described in this play is similar to the Red Scare, an anti-communist movementRead MoreCrucible Vs Mccarthyism Essay1297 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom being questioned or accused. The act of doing so was later called McCarthyism. This relates to the play called the crucible in many ways. The play was written by Arthur Miller and famous play writer. This was a famous play because he published during the time of communism accusations. The play talks about people having a rare sickness that is caused by doing witchcraft. It relates well to McCarthyism because people where telling on each other so that they wouldn t get stoned or punished. ArthurRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller Essay1552 Words   |  7 PagesTrust, Honor and Faith is what is questioned in Arthur Miller â€Å"The Crucible†. The Crucible is about the Salem witch trials. Several young girls claim to be afflicted by witchcraft. The afflicted girls accuse people in the town of witchcraft, often choosing victims who they or their families dislike. The main antagonist Abigail Williams with the other girl’s accusations resulted in the arrests and death of many people in the community of Salem. Arthur Miller wrote this play during the time of theRead MoreHysteria And Lies In The Crucible Analysis946 Words   |  4 PagesEvangeline Run Mr. Young English 11CP 22 October 2017 Hysteria and Lies and Deceit The Crucible â€Å"Those who lie, twist life so that it looks tasty to the lazy, brilliant to the ignorant, and powerful to the weak.†-Jose N. Harris. Arthur Miller the author of the play called The Crucible sets in the town of Salem, Massachusetts which was populated by the Puritans who hanged twenty innocent people in 1692. Miller wants to make the point that the theme of Lies and Deceits makes people lie to benefit themselves

Digital Millennium Copyright Act At The Embassy Level

There are not many risks involved with the Digital Millennium Copyright act at the Embassy level, but there are a few. The only issues we could possible run into is that a single user illegally downloads copyrighted material. There are several policies and procedure put into place to stop this kind of abuse through our systems. One good thing is that the OSP to our Embassy will not be help accountable for any copyright violations as long as there procedures are in place. Another issue that may be a concern from the point of view of DMCA environment would be our licensed products that we use in our production environment. All of our devices will be properly licensed as required by law and so as not to infringe upon and titles in the DMCA. â€Å"Title III of the DMCA is called the Computer Maintenance Competition Assurance Act. It allows computer repair technicians to make temporary, limited copies of computer software while they’re repairing a computer. The computer must alrea dy have a copy of the software program on it† (Grama, Purdue University Security Policy and Compliance Director Joanna Lyn, 2011). With this provision in place we will not infringe on any copyright laws while we are repairing anything as long as things are properly licensed when we are finished. Along with illegal downloads, and licensing concerns, there is also the risk of having our classified information leaked to the internet, or even an ill-informed employee that has taken pictures or videos ofShow MoreRelatedFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesThis online teaching and learning environment integrates the entire digital textbook with the most effective instructor and student resources With WileyPLUS: Students achieve concept mastery in a rich, structured environment that’s available 24/7 Instructors personalize and manage their course more effectively with assessment, assignments, grade tracking, and more manage time better study smarter save money From multiple study paths, to self-assessment, to a wealth of interactive visualRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesOregon State University Clifford F. Gray Oregon State University PROJECT MANAGEMENT: THE MANAGERIAL PROCESS Published by McGraw-Hill/Irwin, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY, 10020. Copyright  © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill

Comparison between Monopoly and Perfect Competition Essay Sample free essay sample

A competitory market is one in which single market house have zero market power. In a prefect competitory market each house faces a demand curve that is horizontal. because fluctuations in the houses end product have no noticeable consequence on monetary value A monopoly occurs when one house called monopolizer or monopoly house produces an industry’s full end product. A monopoly sets fringy cost equal to fringy gross. but the fringy cost is less than the gross. In a competitory market the production will go on when demand is equal to the supply. In the below figure the market monetary value and end products are defined at Q1 and Pcomp. At this peculiar point monetary value is equal to fringy cost. and the market is efficient as per the demand called allocative efficiency. But in a monopoly market the monetary value is increased at that place by cut downing the entire cost. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison between Monopoly and Perfect Competition Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The maximal net incomes will happen at point where fringy cost is equal to fringy gross. In the graph towards the right which indicates the monopoly the maximal net income point is at Pmon and Q2. The monopoly can raise the entire monetary value and curtail the entire supply and consequence the economic public assistance. This decrease in the consumer supply will be the net income to the manufacturer. But this is non ever the instance. The manufacturer besides suffers a loss. Both manufacturer and consumer suffer a loss which is shown in the figure below. This is called deadweight public assistance loss ABC. In this we can see the loss suffered by the manufacturer every bit good as the consumer. But in a competitory market the monetary value is Pcomp and Q1 severally. Output and net income findings in short tally and long tally for perfect competition and monopoly. Perfect Competition: Short-run supply curve: In a perfect competitory market. the production will b at point when Price is equal to fringy cost MC under the status that Price is less than the mean variable cost AVC. From the graph below. fringy cost MC can be used to find the end product the house will provide whenever P gt ; AVC. The MC curve above AVC indicates the measure supplied for the monetary value determined. This is called short tally supply curve. In general. a absolutely competitory firm’s short-term supply curve is the part of its fringy cost curve that lies above the AVC curve Long Run Supply curve: A house will be in long tally if the house makes positive consequence on the market with out losingss. If the current equilibrium monetary value consequences in net incomes the house enters the market. But as the market supply increases the equilibrium falls. Thus the entry into the market is hebdomad. This is zero economic net income in long tally as shown in the figure below. Monopoly: short Run monopoly: In a monopoly the house is monetary value shaper but can non bear down a monetary value the client can non afford to bear. The diagram below shows the short term monetary value and end product degrees in a monopoly. If the monetary value is raised from P1 to P2 in monopoly. the net consequence is decrease in the entire net incomes. The existent net income decrease due to raise in costs depends on the monetary value snap of demand. If the short-run additions are more in monopoly so many houses will seek to come in into the market. there by the market is no longer a monopolistic market in the long tally. Mentions:

Value Chain free essay sample

The value chain, made by Michael Porter, is really important to see how a company structure is created. The value chain is constituted by two parts: support activities (firm infrastructure, human resource management, technology development, procurement) and primary activities (inbound logistic, operations, outbound logistic, marketing and sales, service). (Johnson et al. 2011, p. 97-99) Support activities: * Firm infrastructure: Hamp;M is present in 44 markets in the world, holds more than 2,500 stores and employs over 94,000 people. Its head office is located in Stockholm, Sweden where there also are the main departments for finance, buying and design, advertising, accounts, communications, logistics, security, IR, HR, expansion, interior design and display, IT and CSR, expansion and environment. Furthermore, Hamp;M has multiplied its offices in 25 countries which are each responsible for a various departments in every country. Hamp;M works with approximately 700 independent suppliers and all the contracts are managed by 16 productions offices. We will write a custom essay sample on Value Chain or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Hamp;M, 2012) * Human resource management: HRM are really important for a company because of the fact that its results are directly impacted by the satisfaction of the employees. In order to satisfy its employees, Hamp;M has adopted many rules (Hamp;M,2012): * Hamp;M’s code of conduct: All the suppliers had to sign a contract which guarantees well-working condition and a right salary to their employees and protects children from illegal working * Win-win model: Whenever Hamp;M enters in a new market, it employs local workers. However, Hamp;M offers to its employees opportunities to change working place (cities or countries) but still stay in the company. Thus, employees could have the opportunities to improve their qualifications staying in the same company, and, at the same time, Hamp;M can keep experienced and trustful workers. Thanks to that, Hamp;M is named as one of the best companies to make a career in. * Technology development: As a cloth’s retailer, Hamp;M has not a lot to develop in technology. Nevertheless, Hamp;M could keep progressing in its online store. Indeed, even if Hamp;M is present in 44 countries, only 8 have access to the online tore (Sweden, Germany, UK, Norway, Denmark, Austria, USA and Netherlands). Increasing it, Hamp;M could increase its sales a lot. * Procurement: As it is the second Europe’s cloth retailer company, for the production Hamp;M uses a lot of material and workers so its mains recourses are material, labour and energy. That is why small changes in pric es can affect the company’s profit a lot, and the fact that it does not own any manufactories causes some problems in controlling the production’s prices. However, not owning the factories can be an advantage in some cases. Indeed, if a problem appears, Hamp;M can easily change its suppliers. Moreover, due to its huge size, Hamp;M can easily manipulate with its suppliers to have the best quality at the lowest production’s price. Primary activities: * Inbound logistic: One of the core values of Hamp;M is the sustainability, and, thus, sustainability in production. The aim of Hamp;M is to offer good quality fashion at the best price and to achieve it, Hamp;M tries to avoid the waste. In this purpose, all the waste coming from the manufacturing, the transport and other sources are planned to be reused, recycled and reduced. Hamp;M, 2012) * Operations: Hamp;M makes only one operation which is the design, as other operations are made by the suppliers. Hamp;M has its own 100 designers and 50 designers work by the patent. These designers take their inspiration from the street fashion, the movies, travel and other cultures, the media and trend institutes. Moreover, designers are achieving a huge job to f ind a way to create fashionable clothes at the best price. (Hamp;M, 2012) * Outbound logistic: This part of the value chain includes information systems, transportation, material handling, communication and packaging. As Hamp;M does not own its suppliers, the logistic system has been developed in a efficient way. To transport its production, Hamp;M sends firstly all the merchandise to the distribution centre (the main centre is in Hamburg, Germany), then the goods are transferred from the distribution centre to the allocated stores where they are being unpacked. Moreover, in agreement with its ethical value, Hamp;M tries to minimise the pollution during the transports and favours ocean, rail and road transportation. (Hamp;M, 2012) * Marketing and sales: All the loth retailer company requires a high level of marketing to compete in the markets, and Hamp;M’s marketing can be split in few groups to be analysed: * Price: As Hamp;M has a huge size, it has a lot of opportunities to decrease its production’s costs: it deals with its contractors buying everything in huge quantity and that is why Hamp;M always control the negotiations. * Quality and durability: Nowadays, customers pay attenti on to the design and the price of clothes but also on the quality of it.

American Literature for Christian Schools BJU Module 13 Modern American Prose Flashcard

American Literature for Christian Schools BJU Module 13: Modern American Prose

Story in Spanish About the Poinsettia

Story in Spanish About the Poinsettia Improve your Spanish this holiday season with this story about the poinsettia, the rare U.S holiday tradition that originated south of the border.   La flor de Nochebuena Durante la temporada navideà ±a, la flor de Nochebuena es muy popular en Estados Unidos. Pero muchos no saben que la flor es originaria de Mà ©xico. En espaà ±ol, la flor tiene muchos nombres como la flor de Nochebuena, la flor de Pascua, la flor de fuego, la estrella de Navidad y la corona de los Andes. Los indà ­genas mexicanos la llamaban cuetlazochitl, que significa la flor de pà ©talos resistentes como el cuero. Para los aztecas, la flor roja era sà ­mbolo de la sangre de los sacrificios que ofrendaban al sol. En los EEUU, la flor es conocida como la poinsettia en honor de Joel Poinsett, botnico y el primer embajador estadounidense a Mà ©xico. En Mà ©xico hay una leyenda sobre la flor. Se dice que habà ­a una nià ±a muy pobre que lloraba porque no tenà ­a regalo para dar al nià ±ito Jesà ºs en el altar de su iglesia. Un ngel escuchà ³ sus oraciones, y le dijo que cortara las ramas de algunas plantas cerca del camino. Cuando llegà ³ la nià ±a al altar, al contacto con sus lgrimas, de las ramas brotaron bellas flores rojas y resplandecientes. Eran las primeras flores de Nochebuena. Ya tenà ­a regalo adecuado para el nià ±ito Jesà ºs. Translation With Grammar and Vocabulary Notes Durante la temporada navideà ±a,During the Christmas season, Navideà ±o  is the adjectival form of  Navidad, the word for Christmas. The  feminine form  is used here  because  temporada  is feminine. la flor de Nochebuena es muy popular en Estados Unidos.the poinsettia is very popular in the United States. Nochebuena, a combination of  noche  (night) and  buena  (good) is the word used for Christmas Eve. Although the phrase  flor de Nochebuena  could be translated literally as Christmas Eve flower, doing so would not be as clear here as using the English name of the flower. Pero  muchos  no  saben  que la flor es originaria de Mà ©xico.But many dont know the flower is originally from Mexico. The phrase  ser originario de  is frequently used to indicate where something originates. Note that  originario  (or the feminine form,  originaria,  in the original sentence here) is an adjective, not an adverb as in the English translation. Note also that the word  que  is left untranslated in English. In this case, it could have been translated as that, a word often omitted in English. But in Spanish,  que  is essential. En espaà ±ol, la flor tiene muchos nombresIn Spanish, the flower has many names como la flor de Navidad, la flor de Pascua, la flor de fuego, la estrella de Navidad y la corona de los Andes.such as the Christmas flower, the  Pascua  flower, the fire flower, the Christmas star and the crown of the Andes. The word  Pascua  originally referred to the Jewish Passover. In Christianity, it came later to refer to Easter, whose timing is theologically connected with Passover. Los indà ­genas mexicanos la llamaban  cuetlazochitl,The natives of Mexico called it  cuetlazochitl, Indà ­gena, meaning an indigenous person, is one of those unusual words that end in  -a  in both masculine and feminine forms. In the above sentence,  la  is used to mean it because it refers to a feminine noun,  la flor. If the reference had been to a masculine noun,  lo  would have been used. que significa la flor de pà ©talos resistentes como el cuero.which means the flower with petals tough like leather. Note that in Spanish, the period comes outside the  quotation marks, the opposite of what is done in U.S. English. Note also that the  de  in the definition is translated as with, even though  de  typically is translated as of. This provides a more natural translation. Para los aztecas, la flor roja era sà ­mbolo del sangre de los sacrificios que ofrendaban al Sol.For the Aztecs, the red flower was a symbol of the blood of the sacrifices they offered to the sun. The verbs in this sentence are in the  imperfect tense, as is usually the case with verbs that refer to events or repeated actions that occur over a long period of time. En los EEUU, la flor es conocida como la  poinsettia  en honor de Joel Poinsett, botnico y el primer embajador estadounidense a Mà ©xico.In the U.S., the flower is known as the poinsettia in honor of Joel Poinsett, a botanist and first U.S. ambassador to Mexico. EEUU  is the abbreviation for  Estados Unidos. See how the letters are doubled as is often done in an  abbreviation of a plural noun. En Mà ©xico hay una leyenda sobre la flor.In Mexico there is a legend about the flower. Hay  is a form of  haber  that is very commonly used to mean there is. The past tense, as in the following sentence, is  habà ­a. Se dice que habà ­a una nià ±a muy pobreIt is said that there was a very poor girl Se  dice, a  reflexive  form of  decir, is a common way of saying it is said or they say. que lloraba porque no tenà ­a regalo para dar al nià ±ito Jesà ºs en el altar de su iglesia.who cried because she didnt have a gift to give to the baby Jesus on the altar of her church. Nià ±ito  is a  diminutive  form of  nià ±o, a word for boy. Un ngel escuchà ³ sus oraciones, y le dijo que cortara las ramas de algunas plantas cerca del camino.An angel heard her prayers and told her to cut the branches of the plants near the path. The verb  cortara  is in the  imperfect subjunctive  form, because the  subjunctive  form typically is used with  commands and requests  that follow  que. The  le  in this sentence is an  indirect object pronoun; to cut the branches is what the angel said, but the girl is whom the angel told it to. Cuando llegà ³ la nià ±a al altar, al contacto con sus lgrimas, de las ramas brotaron bellas flores rojas y resplandecientes.When the girl arrived at the altar, upon contact with her tears beautiful and brilliant red flowers came forth from the branches. Use of  al  followed by an noun, seen here in the phrase  al contacto, is a common way of saying in Spanish that something occurs as the result of another event. Also note how the word order in this sentence is different than what it would be in English. Eran las primeras flores de Nochebuena.These were the first poinsettias. The translation of They were ... also could have been used. As the  subject is often omitted  in Spanish sentences, you can let context determine the smoothest translation. Ya tenà ­a regalo adecuado para el nià ±ito Jesà ºs.Now she had a suitable gift for the baby Jesus. Ya  is a very common adjective whose translation varies widely depending on the context. The adjective  adecuado  is obviously related to the English adequate (making it a  cognate) but doesnt have the same connotation.

Stable Angina Pectoris Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Stable Angina Pectoris - Essay Example Although there are efforts to specify use of angina pectoris for chest area discomfort caused by myocardial ischaemia linked with coronary artery disease, there are also known causes like aortic stenosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (Task Force of European Society of Cardiology 395; Fox et al. 3-9). Angina pectoris is considered stable if it has been occurring for over a number of weeks without any major worsening. Stable angina pectoris normally occur in situations related to increased myocardial oxygen usage. Factors such as ambient temperature and emotional stress can, however, influence symptoms of stable angina pectoris from time to time (Crea & Gaspardone 3767; Christensen 10-11). On the other hand, unstable angina pectoris is characterized by a suddenly deteriorating pre-existing angina pectoris or abrupt appearance of angina during rest or light work. This is generally caused by atherosclerotic plaque rupture which leads to intracoronary thrombus formation. Some patients experience heightened coronary artery tone or spasm (Fox et al 4). The pathological condition giving rise to this imbalance is most often the atheromatous narrowing of the coronary arteries. To attain this medical condition, also referred to as stenosis, there must be at least 50 to 70 percent narrowing of the coronary artery. In such decrease in the inner diameter, the coronary blood flow is rendered inadequate to reach the metabolic demands of the heart during strenuous activities or exercise. The impact of stenosis is not limited to the degree of narrowing of the luminal diameter but also on the length and quantity of stenoses present in the coronary artery (Crea & Gaspardone 3767; Christensen 10-11). Vasoconstriction at the area of the atheromatous narrowing normally results to segmental abnormal function and dilatation of the left ventricle which cause a sudden drop in coronary blood flow. Coronary vasoconstriction, on the other hand, occurs because of curtailed diastolic filling period due to tachycardia and different hormonal actions. Patients with coronary artery disease have the potential risk of acquiring fissuring or rupturing plaque which usually results in platelet aggregation, abnormality of coronary blood flow or thrombotic coronary occlusion. Increased vasomotor tone or spasm arises from the release of substances from activated platelets. This condition crosses the threshold in which a diagnosis of unstable angina pectoris or evolving myocardial infarction is given (Fox et al 5). It is estimated that 30,000 to 40,000 per 1 million persons suffering from angina pectoris in countries with high number of patients with coronary heart disease. The incidence of angina pectoris is notably twice as high as in middle-aged men as in middle-aged women. This medical condition severely limits the lifestyle of patients such that those of working age are forced to apply for early retirement (Christensen 10; Fox et al. 3-9; Crea & Gaspardone 3767). Symptoms Stable angina pectoris symptoms are grouped into four major features. These are in terms of location, association with exercise, characteristics, and

Statment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Statment - Essay Example He will show his likes and dislikes by reaching out, laughing and smiling, or discarding objects, crying, becoming stiff, agitated and hot. He cries to indicate discomfort or hunger. James has some sense of cause and effect. Along with the development of his logical thinking, his ability to anticipate events is also developing. Recent assessment has shown that he is functioning securely at level P2(i) of the level underpinning the National Curriculum. James daily life must follow a regular routine in order to allow him anticipate the next event in his day. He is touch dependent in the sense that holding an object allows him to gain and understand information about his environment. Although sometimes shy, James warms up to adults who show him support in his learning endeavours. He eagerly participates in activities for at least 20 minutes when surrounded by familiar adults. This sense of familiarity prevents him for participating in large and noisy groups thus limiting his self-occupation skills. James is a social person who enjoys the company of other people. He is always aware of familiar adults and enjoys one on one interaction activities with them. James has been observed to turn his head towards familiar adults who talk to him and respond positively to them by gesturing and smiling, sometimes he also uses vocalizing techniques in order to communicate with them. Due to James limited movement control caused by his cerebral palsy, he is unable to sit, stand, or walk without support. Therefore he constantly needs to be assisted in all his activities. These activities include changing his clothes and maintaining his body positions. He is totally dependent on those around him for mobility as he is wheelchair bound and must use leg gaiters when walking. James upper body suffered most of the effects of cerebral palsy which is why he finds it hard to reach for items

Introduction to Cultural and Cross-Cultural Studies Assignment

Introduction to Cultural and Cross-Cultural Studies - Assignment Example According to the article, canning is not aimed at inflicting pain to the offenders, but to put a public shame on the offenders. This does not portray respect to the citizens neither does it put into consideration other people’s confidentiality. According to the article, all women should cover their heads while no woman should work in a public office with the absence of her husband. According to my feeling, this act does not consider the rights of women neither does it value other dominions within the country. The Muslim culture emphasized in this article does not bring unity but is comprised of much discrimination and ignorance of people’s rights. Islam is a dominant religion in Indonesia. There are several factors that impacted the evolution of the Muslim culture in Indonesia over the years. The introduction of technology during the three decades of Mr. Suharto’s rule has had much impact on the evolution of the culture. Since then, there have been much editing and strong media which allowed information to spread across the archipelago. The Islamic values and their expressions of faith are no longer confined in to the mosque or within religious events (Salim, 2003). All these can be seen in movies and preached through the radios. People from all over the country are reached with information about the Muslim culture while information about any policies introduced can be communicated in an efficient way. There was much transformation on the nature of Islam in the country impacted by the Asian Tsunami. It heightened the international awareness of Indonesia’s indigenous people. According to their belief, many indigenous groups survived the tsunami because their traditional lore prepared them to deal with natural disasters. This disaster survived to strengthen the faith of the people in Indonesia. On the other hand, the bush

Entrepreneurs Are Born Or Made Business Essay

Entrepreneurs Are Born Or Made Business Essay Since the late 18th century, business has constituted a main composition of the society. As the success of Jobs Steve, Bill Gates and Warren Buffett, many people start their own business in chase of profit. There are entrepreneurs growing everyday while some others bankrupting. We start thinking whether entrepreneurs are born. You may think that entrepreneurs are born successful, and they owned an enormous business. However, entrepreneur is not defined as the one who has made their business tremendous, but the one who starts his own company and employs himself (Mariotti and Glackin, 2010). Therefore, anyone can become an entrepreneur if he or she starts his or her own business and works for himself or herself. There are no boundaries among people, but your working position determines whether you are an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs are not naturally born, but nurturally made. Entrepreneurship is actually not a destiny, but a qualification. In the research Nature or Nurture: Decoding th e Entrepreneur, it shows that the entrepreneurs share some common characteristics (Monte and London, 2011). It is the qualities that make entrepreneurs successful. Moreover, the qualities are not inherent, but gotten through education and experiences. The myth of entrepreneurship will be unveiled in this essay. Entrepreneurs Are Born or Made? Entrepreneurs are not born. Entrepreneurs are not like athletes, they dont need natural inherent body and muscles. An athletes child may grow up an athlete, but it would not happen in an entrepreneurs family. Many businesses bankrupted everyday, including some entrepreneurs family. However, entrepreneurs are nurtually made, and they own some special qualities and also need some trainings and experiences as athletes. Many people from non-entrepreneurs families start their own business and become entrepreneurs everyday. Dhirubhai Ambani, the most enterprising business man whos father is a school teacher, started his business on his own (Prakash, n.d). Warren Buffett, is not born as an entrepreneur either. He started his company when he was 27 years old using his earns from his pervious investments, made a great profit from his unique and accurate opinion on the stock market, and his Berkshire industrial Kingdom became a famous huge business in the world (Kennon, n.d). There are many ex amples of entrepreneurs who started their businesses as a green hand, instead of inheriting from their families. Thus we could not say that entrepreneurs are born, however, the entrepreneurs acquired many qualities that made them success. The main quality of entrepreneurship is innovation, which is not obtained naturally. Innovation is a new product, a new technology, a new source, and a new market (Mariotti and Glakin, 2010). There are many examples of entrepreneurs bankrupted due to lack of innovation. For example, Carrozzeria Touring, an Italian automobile coachbuilder company, ceased his business in 1966, due to the substitution of the new automobile construction (van den Brink, n.d). On the other hand, the famous company, Apple, make its success by innovation. As we all know, Apple will release his new product or innovation of its existing products every year, and the big success of iphone, ipad and imac make Steven Jobs the most well-known famous entrepreneur. It is the same with Microsoft. Microsoft releases its new products every year. We all have noticed that every year we will update our system to the new window. The popularity of the system proves the success of Microsoft, and makes Bill Gates the famous en trepreneur. After all, the sense of innovation is not grown natural, it comes from opportunities. When there is problem, there is opportunities (Mariotti and Glakin, 2010). Several years ago, there is no softwares in the computer, and Bill Gates made his entrepreneurship from creating the first software, window. The Body Shop International, was created by Anita Roddick because she was tired of paying for unnecessary perfume and fancy packaging when she bought makeup (Mariotti and Glackin, 2010). The problem that Anita faced made her start her own business to solve the problem. The problem finding quality is the quality that everyone were born with, and the opportunity is just coming from those problems. The second quality of entrepreneurship is experience, which is exactly extracted from posteriority. About 60 percent of the entrepreneurial leaders are transitioned, and the number one ranking factor of success is the experience as the employee (Pinelli, 2001). People can learn terminologies and skills for business evoked as their language, and the procedures of running a business become his or her conditional reflex, which will make their future operating business effectively and efficiently. From the previous experience, the entrepreneur can easily tackle the key of a problem and forecasting the development of his or her business. Yu Min Hong, a great entrepreneur, started his tutoring school, New Oriental, after his experience of teaching and tutoring in Peking University. He extracted his way of teaching from his previous experience of teaching, and used the teaching method in his company. The big success of New Oriental make Yu Min Hong one of the greatest entrepreneurs in China , and his method of teaching spreads all over the country. The rules of business are simple, making a business plan, ordinating your customers, operating and developing the business. From your previous experience, you will have the blueprint of your business, and moreover, you have already have your customers when you start. Thus with your employment experience, you are actually jumping the first two steps, which are making a business plan and ordinating customers, and directly shortcut into the third step operating and developing the business. The third quality of entrepreneurship is knowledge, which is not inborn but acquired from education. And if experience is the best education, the classroom is not far behind. Higher education was ranked the number one factor by almost one-third of respondents, just behind employee experience (Pinelli, 2001). Entrepreneurs are facing with various of challenges from finance, operation, organization, and laws. Operating the business requires you understand financial statements. Financial statements, consisting of income statement, cash flow statement and balance sheet, is a tool for entrepreneurs to track their operations (Mariotti and Glackin, 2010). The knowledge of financial statement is not acquired naturally, it is obtained from study. Not only the understanding of financial statement, but also the financial ratio analysis are needed as an entrepreneur. In order to cooperate with government, the entrepreneur needs to know the regulations such as taxes and franchising. The lack of finance knowledge may be fatal. The Native Americans sold their lands to a British hundreds years ago and they are excluded from their homeland by the foreigners, however, if they lent the lands with a low rate, they will still be able to buy it back today and even gained some returns from lending. Henry Ford surrendered most of his stocks for the demanded capital, and he spent even more years than he expected to receive money to buy back his stocks (Mariotti and Glackin, 2010). Some of the entrepreneurs even gain returns from investing using finance knowledge. Warren Buffet-The Oracle of Omaha , Peter Lynch-mutual fund manager, Benjamin Graham-The Father of Value Investing, give us vivid instances of making money just through their wisdom of investing strategy driven from their solid knowledge obtained in school (CapitalVia: Global Research Limited, n.d). The knowledge will drive the entrepreneurs make the right decision for their business and operate better. The fourth quality of entrepreneur is a good sense of dealing with people, communication. People are not born with good communication since we all start from learning languages, but they can start learning communication skills at an early age. Communicating well means the entrepreneurs will get their potential customers and gained more customers from a fabulous customer service. Salespeople will probably become successful entrepreneurs since they will touch the customers directly and know their needs (Mariotti and Glackin, 2010). Great entrepreneurs in the U.S. Such as Ray Kroc founder of McDonald, Aristotle Onassis, King C. Gillette, and W. Clement Stone, are started from sales (Mariotti and Glackin, 2010). They sensed peoples need and started their entrepreneurship. A good communication is prepared, not born, in order to sell your product. The entrepreneurs need to know their products, their business field, as well as their customers. Still, communication skills are built up from t he accumulated experience. We learn communication skills through the relationships and the society of others. It is a connection between people, and the successful entrepreneurs will know the peoples pros and cons through communication, thus will determine their future path of the business. Apart from innovation, experience, knowledge, and communication, qualities such as teamwork leadership, integrity, and passion are also important (Pinelli, 2001). Teamwork and leadership is an essential ability that was gained from life, not born. It required the entrepreneur address complex problems by utilizing strengths of different group members and create a synergy that increases innovation and successful outcomes (Reimers and Williams, 2009). The team has a big impact on the business, so the entrepreneur need to organize his team well. It is the entrepreneur and leaders task to communicate and listen, ask questions and summarize, articulate a goal, and build members confidence (Reimers and Williams, 2009). These tasks like communication are not born, however, they are trained through tasks and group projects. Thats why the business schools are teaching and training students the above skills. In addition to it, integrity, which leads to an honest business, is also a personal sk ill that were highly influenced from the living environment, not born. The business would not exist long if it cheated its customers. Integrity is a deal-breaker (Anderson, 2008). The entrepreneurs need to convince the clients to buy their product or invest their companies through the method of integrity, so that they will gain profit and get funding for their business. Passion, similar to ambition in entrepreneurship, makes your employment and business experience upgrade into entrepreneurship level (Kamai, 2011). Everyone have passion, and passion makes entrepreneurs start and grow their businesses. Passion is a personal quality that was acquired from experience. It is a kind of confidence of your business you alight with. Only when the entrepreneur targets his or her goal, will he or she have passion in the business. Thus, Teamwork Leadership, integrity and passion are not made, but acquired after born. Conclusion In conclusion, there is many people become entrepreneurs. Famous entrepreneurs like Jobs Steve, Bill Gates, and Warren Buffet made their business enormous. These famous successful entrepreneurs are not athletes who were born with inherent body and muscles, but they are nurturally made and trained through the practice of their business. Entrepreneurs shared the same posterior qualities. A good sense of innovation will survive a business from a crisis and make it the leader of its field, and the entrepreneurs find opportunities from problems and make the innovations. Rich experience, ranking number one of the factor of entrepreneurship, will make the entrepreneurs easily overcome some business crisis and forecast its development. Well-rounded knowledge in the field, like the application of financial statements, knowing the government regulations is essential for the entrepreneurs to operate their business. Good communication skills, gained from experience of dealing with people, will g et the business leader potential customers and gained a huge profit from it. In addition to all the above, teamwork and leadership, integrity, and passion are also keys to entrepreneurship which are acquired through training and practice. Moreover, these qualities are acquired, not born. One can achieve a good sense of entrepreneurship by tempered himself through practice and could gain the qualities in the tempering. Only by ones effort to acquire and temper the qualities, will he or she become an entrepreneur.

COP 3530, Discrete Data Structures and Algorithms, Summer 1999, Homework 5 :: UFL Florida Computer Programming Homework

Class Notes: Data Structures and Algorithms Summer-C Semester 1999 - M WRF 2nd Period CSE/E119, Section 7344 Homework #5 -- Due Wed 30 June 1999 : 09.30am Revised Date In class, we discussed the breadth-first and depth-first search (BFS and DFS) algorithms for graph traversal. Using your class notes and the text (Chapter 12) as a guide, answer the following questions. Note: Answers are in blue typeface. * Question 1. Write pseudocode (not Java code) for the BFS algorithm we discussed in class. Beside each step, write the number of external I/O, memory I/O, incrementation, comparison, and other types of operations employed. Then, construct a work budget for each type of operation, together with a Big-Oh estimate of complexity. Answer: Psudeocode for BFS is given for a graph having n vertices and m edges, as follows: procedure: Breadth-first-search(w) { initialize list L0 to contin vertex w # 2 mem I/O i = 0 # 1 mem I/O while not(isEmpty(Li)) do # n-1 comps { create Li+1 = empty list # 1 mem I/O for each vertex v in Li do # n iterations max. { for each edge e incident on v do # m iter's max.

A Murder Case

According to a witness, 19 year old Joseph Tylutki – the defendant – was bickering over money with his friend, Vincent Bohlman, also 19, when Tylutki shot Bohlman thrice in the chest and killed him.   Bohlman was not carrying a weapon, also according to the witness.Apparently Tylutki had placed a knife in Bohlman’s hand after killing him in order to lie to the court of law later on that Bohlman had tried to kill him first (â€Å"Bail Cut for Teen in Friend’s Death†).The plaintiff in the case is Bohlman’s mother.   When Michael Bloom, the Defense Attorney, argued that Tylutki is neither â€Å"a danger to the public† nor a â€Å"flight risk,† Barbara Sattler, the Pima County Superior Court Judge lowered his bail from $750,000 to $25,000 (â€Å"Bail Cut for Teen in Friend’s Death†).The plaintiff had already pleaded with the Judge not to lower Tylutki’s bail.   Dan Nicolini, the Deputy Pima County Attorney had similarly argued against a reduction in the defendant’s bail amount, stating that Tylutki may very well be a â€Å"flight risk (â€Å"Bail Cut for Teen in Friend’s Death†).†However, the Judge maintained her decision.   Tylutki is presently allowed to pay $25,000 to move to his parents’ home from where he would be required to â€Å"regularly report to court officials (â€Å"Bail Cut for Teen in Friend’s Death†).†Ã‚   The defendant would also have to â€Å"submit to drug testing† on a regular basis seeing that â€Å"[f]ive bags of marijuana packaged for sale† had been found in his room (â€Å"Bail Cut for Teen in Friend’s Death†).OpinionTylutki’s bail amount should not be lowered seeing that he has already murdered his friend and may very well murder others if he is able to pay $25,000 to move out of jail to his parents’ home.   As a matter of fact, the defendant should not have the option of being set free by paying any bail amount.Clearly, a person with the ability to murder his or her friend must be identified as â€Å"a danger to the public† given that he or she cannot be expected to respect the rights of others either (â€Å"Bail Cut for Teen in Friend’s Death†).Bloom cannot prove that Tylutki would not murder another individual if he is set free.   Furthermore, even if the defendant is required to â€Å"regularly report to court officials† there is no evidence that he would not disappear between the scheduled dates of reporting (â€Å"Bail Cut for Teen in Friend’s Death†).

Genuine dialogue essays

Genuine dialogue essays Living life in relation to God and to others has profoundly influenced anyone who is interested in interpersonal encounters. But really, how does one relate to God? How does on relate to other people and to nature? Much of the basis of studying these encounters as a quality of human interaction, as genuine dialogue, has its foundation with the philosophy of Genuine Dialogue, which we attribute to Martin Buber. In seeking to understand the essence of interpersonal encounters, we must first establish two fundamentally different relations: the I object relation and the genuine dialogue or interhuman relation. An I Object relation is the normal everyday relation of a human being towards nature and the things surrounding him. Man can also consider his fellows as an object and that is what he does most of the time, he views the other from a distance, like a thing, a part of the environment, forged into chains of cause and effect relationships. Radically different from this is genuine dialogue or interhuman relation. The human being enters into this encounter with his innermost and whole being, in a meeting; in a real dialogue this is what both of the partners do. There exists a definite relationship between the physical body and the I of both individuals engaged in genuine dialogue. The I Object relationship is seemingly non interpersonal. This type of relationship is characterized by the objectification and control of nature and people. The "I" in this relationship seeks to acquire and possess as much as it can and perceives itself as being an individual, who is set over against the subjects of its perception. But this "I" pays a price for such selfishness and will to dominate because it is isolated and alienated from the source of life. It is personified in acts like seeming, speechifying and imposition. It proceeds from how one wishes to appear and is concerned with the impression, which on...

The Celts essays

The Celts essays The celts were ancient people full of beautiful arts and mystical practices of all sorts. They started to become recognizedaround 1300 b.c. and lived primarily in eastern europe. THe celts infulenced all kinds of other cultures throughout the world and are still known today for their doings. The celts way of life was a hard working one, but they looked beyond the daily cycle of drudgery to a world full of infinite possibilities. they loved all things beautiful, vanity was not reproached but considered normal and admirable and representing a proper sense of self worth. genorosity was prized above all else, to be generous and open handed not to count the cost, were the marks of a true hero or heroine. next to generosity was wit, words were a tool so powerful they could defeat an enemy on the battlefield, bring down a bad ruler, dismiss an unsatisfactory lover and overturn a poor judgement. their love of words has fortunatley survived in many poems and stories. The biggest thing the clets are known for their magical protectors. They were the ones with nature and protected it because they needed it to live. The word druid means the people of true vision. It was said they built Stone Henge, but it is not for sure. We do know they used it for rituals during the the summer solstice. They not only handled religious matter but also political. The entire druidical knowledge was entirely oral and memorized which took years of training for a druid to complete. At the end of all the training the druids were considered so wise their decisions seemed to never have been questioned. They were also know to be able to walk onto the battle field and stop the battle that was about to happen by just chanting. The celts never would have gotten very far if it werent for the druids. Overall the celts left us much to learn from their many ventures in the time they were here, and mostly their way of life, for they teach us to live out out li ...

Family Friendly Policy and Optimum Shifts for Nurses Essay

Family Friendly Policy and Optimum Shifts for Nurses - Essay Example It has been suggested that the UK economy is dependant on workers who work long hours, and if the EU chooses to remove the "opt-out" clause the UK will bode poorly (Cooper, 2003; Parker, 2006). At present, the UK Government wishes to be informed of the multitude of views of stakeholders affected by the consequences of long working shifts. Input is expected to be used to collaboratively construct better legislation and policies that focus on the health and well being of shift workers. Inclusive deliberation over policy aligns UK best practices with those of the European Union (EU), which is currently renewing the 1993 Working Time Directive (93/104/EC) (Department of Trade and Industry [DTI], 2004). This paper aims to review shift working patterns and family friendly policies for nurses in the UK. Firstly, family friendly policies with regard to labour in the UK will be presented. Secondly, shift pattern differences between 8 and 12 hours shall be discussed with regard to family life. Thirdly, the effects of shift patterns on older nurses and their perceptions of shift work affects on family life will be delineated. Next, recommendations for best practices within the UK shall be provided. Finally, a conclusion shall synthesise the main points of the paper. It has been stated by the UK Government that it will implement changes to the European Working Time Directive (what is known as the Horizon... It is reported that a large number of workers in the UK work in excess of a 48 hours (Royal College of Physicians, 2006).Family friendly policies focus on the psycho-social aspects of work, and highlight the importance of values and interaction between children and caregivers, not only to these parties, but also to the wider community, and subsequently social environments that overlap with work (Nickson, Warhurst, Lockyer & Dutton, 2004). Children gain from family friendly policies by way of; socialisation; well being; education; reduced risk of anti-social behaviour; and alternative models for the female role (i.e., as equal participants). Caregivers have the opportunity for increased identity integration and satisfaction with life in general by participating in family-oriented activities. An organisation such as a hospital or other health care delivery environment will benefit from enhanced work performance, better communication and interpersonal skills of staff, and increased high quality care for patients, resulting in both patient and employee (Equal Opportunities Commission [EOC], 2006). From a social point of view, enhanced family functioning, intergenerational and inter gender relationships, combined with a positive view toward childbearing, can boost and maintain a sustainable economy.A good example of inclusive family policies is reflected in the recognition of fatherhood as a valuable psycho-social experience. Since the 1960s radical changes within family structure have taken place (e.g., nuclear families may now be extended to include relatives, step-, bi-racial; adopted; same-sex or single-parent). As such, prioritise have changed, and the contemporary dad wants to spend

Critical Thinking Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Critical Thinking Philosophy - Essay Example Critical thinking because of its reasoning based on logic is applicable here. By organizing his experiences with the universally accepted aesthetic standards like that of goodness and truth, the individual became an objective participant in the order of beauty. Any deviations from this harmony were subjective errors and which encompassed the individual’s lack of ability to make or comprehend beauty. This universe of the conscious makers was both beautiful and good and rational. Such a universe however went beyond the power of any single individual, be it intellectual, moral or aesthetic. This started the notion of there being a universal order, which had existed before and beyond them. This implied the existence of a bearer of ‘truth’, goodness’, and ‘beauty’ who had organized the universe into this one perfect module. This universe had to be full of ethically perfect activities and beauty and reason. Critical thinking in this context makes us pause and wonder whether there was a personal God behind this or a spiritual being outside this universe which was actually his creation or was an inherent active reason in the universe behind the creation of this perfect world. (Znaniecki, 88-89) Critical thinking encompasses metaphysical thinking as well as scientific thinking. Parmenides is considered to be the father of metaphysics. (Marias,20) The aim of metaphysics is to determine the real nature of things, to put all assumptions to test and to determine the meaning, structure and values of things the way they are.(Wilshire, 1-26)

Devil's Tower National Monument Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Devil's Tower National Monument - Research Paper Example The Devil’s Tower National Monument is comprised of red rocks. The red colored stones are known as dark red sandstone and maroon siltstone. A thin layer of white gypsum is seen above the red spearfish rocks. Yellow sandstones as a result of Sundance formation, which are very delicate, can be seen on the vertical cliffs which surround the tower. A river runs under the feature. This landmark is made up of polygonal columns, which make up its striking features. The bigger columns narrow from the base 6-8 feet in diameter to about 4 feet at the pinnacle (Britton & Tamara, 4). This feature is located at Crook County, in north eastern Wyoming. It is situated in The United States of America. This attraction feature is a laccolith or ingenious intrusion in the black hills next to Hulett and Sundance. It is above the river known as Belle Fourche (Ludmer, 38). The Devil’s Tower has a fabulous significance to the plains tribes, which are more than twenty in native tribes. These tribes viewed this feature as a sacred zone (Britton & Tamara, 4). They used this section for sacred activities, including worship, rituals, and sacrifices. These native tribes have a sacred legend concerning the origin of this landmark. These native tribes have special names for this monument they include; bear’s tipi, bear’s lodge, bear’s house, bears peak, and bear’s lair among many more names.The most basic maps concerned with this area named this monument â€Å"bear lodge†. They named it after the terms the natives of the region were using. In 1875, Colonel Dodge guided a survey group to the black hills. The surveyors misunderstood the description given by the natives concerning this area. They translated it as â€Å"Bad God’s Tower†. Dodge reported this expedition area as the Devil’s Tower; this na me has stuck ever since (Gunderson, 66). Origin of the Tower The origin of this landmark has been a debatable issue among geologists from time immemorial since its discovery. Geologists believe that this tower was formed by intrinsic intrusion activities. They believe that this attraction was formed by the forced entry of magma amid various rocks. The debatable issue is how the formation process happened and if the magma reached the surface of the earth region. Geologists have estimated the age of this amazing monument to be more than 50 million years. The work of erosion led to the visibility of this Tower. Before the action of erosion, this monument could not be seen above the sedimentary rocks covering it (Monroe, James, and Reed, 102). Erosion action, mostly water resulted into wearing off of the fine grained sandstones and gray- green shales on top of and in the region of the geologic feature. The tough igneous rock layers of this landmark resisted the action of erosion, result ing into gray columns above the surrounding scenery. Rain and snow continually erode the sedimentary rocks around the base of the monument. The debris is then carried by the Belle Fourche River to other locations. This eroding activity results into further exposition of the Devil’s Tower National Monument

Phstat Essay Example for Free

Phstat Essay For Excel 2000 through Excel 2003, Microsoft Office macro security level set to Medium (see Topic 3a â€Å"Configuring Excel 2000-2003 Security for PHStat2†). For Excel 2007, Trust Center Macro Settings set to Disable all macros with notification (recommended) or Enable all macros. See section 3a or 3b for more details. (There are no security settings in Excel 97 or the original, unpatched version of Excel 2000. ) Internet access (for downloading updates to Microsoft Excel, from www. microsoft. com, and PHStat2, from www. prenhall. com/phstat, as they become available), optional but recommended. Requirements for running the PHStat2 setup program: CD or DVD drive. Approximately 10 MB hard disk free space while running the setup program and 3 MB hard disk space after program setup. On some older systems, the Windows system files that may get replaced or added during the setup process will require up to 6 MB additional hard disk space. Windows user account with administrator or software-installing privileges (does not apply to Windows 98Se or ME). Student or faculty accounts used to login onto networked computers in academic settings typically do not have this privilege. F Test for Differences in Two Variances: Two-tailed test formula to determine whether to reject null hypothesis corrected. Z Test for Differences in Two Means: Upper-tail test formula to determine whether to reject null hypothesis corrected. Minor reformatting in selected worksheet and dialog box labels. Enhanced statistical procedures in version 2. 5: Chi-Square Test includes Marascuilo Procedure output option. Histogram Polygons Frequency distributions include percentage and cumulative percentage columns. Kruskal-Wallis Rank Test Worksheet redesigned to accommodate larger number of groups.

Hawthorne :: essays research papers fc

"Young Goodman Brown", by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is a story that is thick with allegory. "Young Goodman Brown" is a moral story which is told through the perversion of a religious leader. In "Young Goodman Brown", Goodman Brown is a Puritan minister who lets his excessive pride in himself interfere with his relations with the community after he meets with the devil, and causes him to live the life of an exile in his own community. "Young Goodman Brown" begins when Faith, Brown's wife, asks him not to go on an "errand". Goodman Brown says to his "love and (my) Faith" that "this one night I must tarry away from thee." When he says his "love" and his "Faith", he is talking to his wife, but he is also talking to his "faith" to God. He is venturing into the woods to meet with the Devil, and by doing so, he leaves his unquestionable faith in God with his wife. He resolves that he will "c ling to her skirts and follow her to Heaven." This is an example of the excessive pride because he feels that he can sin and meet with the Devil because of this promise that he made to himself. There is a tremendous irony to this promise because when Goodman Brown comes back at dawn; he can no longer look at his wife with the same faith he had before. When Goodman Brown finally meets with the Devil, he declares that the reason he was late was because "Faith kept me back awhile." This statement has a double meaning because his wife physically prevented him from being on time for his meeting with the devil, but his faith to God psychologically delayed his meeting with the devil. The Devil had with him a staff that "bore the likeness of a great black snake". The staff which looked like a snake is a reference to the snake in the story of Adam and Eve. The snake led Adam and Eve to their destruction by leading them to the Tree of Knowledge. The Adam and Eve story is similar to Goodman Brown in that they are both seeking unfathomable amounts of knowledge. Once Adam and Eve ate from the Tree of Knowledge they were expelled from their paradise. The Devil's staff eventually leads Goodman Brown to the Devil's ceremony which destroys Goodman Brown's faith in his fellow man, therefore expelling him from his utopia. Hawthorne :: essays research papers fc "Young Goodman Brown", by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is a story that is thick with allegory. "Young Goodman Brown" is a moral story which is told through the perversion of a religious leader. In "Young Goodman Brown", Goodman Brown is a Puritan minister who lets his excessive pride in himself interfere with his relations with the community after he meets with the devil, and causes him to live the life of an exile in his own community. "Young Goodman Brown" begins when Faith, Brown's wife, asks him not to go on an "errand". Goodman Brown says to his "love and (my) Faith" that "this one night I must tarry away from thee." When he says his "love" and his "Faith", he is talking to his wife, but he is also talking to his "faith" to God. He is venturing into the woods to meet with the Devil, and by doing so, he leaves his unquestionable faith in God with his wife. He resolves that he will "c ling to her skirts and follow her to Heaven." This is an example of the excessive pride because he feels that he can sin and meet with the Devil because of this promise that he made to himself. There is a tremendous irony to this promise because when Goodman Brown comes back at dawn; he can no longer look at his wife with the same faith he had before. When Goodman Brown finally meets with the Devil, he declares that the reason he was late was because "Faith kept me back awhile." This statement has a double meaning because his wife physically prevented him from being on time for his meeting with the devil, but his faith to God psychologically delayed his meeting with the devil. The Devil had with him a staff that "bore the likeness of a great black snake". The staff which looked like a snake is a reference to the snake in the story of Adam and Eve. The snake led Adam and Eve to their destruction by leading them to the Tree of Knowledge. The Adam and Eve story is similar to Goodman Brown in that they are both seeking unfathomable amounts of knowledge. Once Adam and Eve ate from the Tree of Knowledge they were expelled from their paradise. The Devil's staff eventually leads Goodman Brown to the Devil's ceremony which destroys Goodman Brown's faith in his fellow man, therefore expelling him from his utopia.

“The Boogeyman” – Stephen King (1978)

Summary: Lester Billings, the father of three children is talking to a shrink. He seems mentally disturbed. His first two children died of mysteriously courses, but both of the children had cried boogeyman right before their death. After Lester had his third son, one night the son screams and Lester sees that a boogeyman is killing his son, but Lester doesn’t help his son, instead he runs away and when he returns his son is dead. When Lester Billings leaves his shrink, he sees that the shrink is actually the boogeyman. Their marriage: Lester and Rita Billings' marriage has probably never been characterized by equality. He is the kind of man who believes that women's station in life is to follow their husbands. (page 5. ) When Rita denies that she has taught Denny the word â€Å"Boogeyman†, he calls her a liar and feels like â€Å"slapping her around. † This certainly indicates the opposite to a marriage based on mutual confidence, love, and support. Lester does not have very much respect for Rita. I think he has married her out of necessity. Now he tries to imagine that their marriage is happy, perfect and like his mother wanted it to be. Lester actually thinks that Rita is a jellyfish. I think he sees every woman as jellyfish -something, which is inferior. He has to control Rita: â€Å"She still wanted to do what I told her. That’s the wife’s place, right? This women’s lib makes people sick. The most important thing in life for a person is to know his place. † Page 5. Time Seen in a perspective of time the majority the American population regarded pregnancy before marriage as a grave matter. The marriage between Lester Billings and his wife does not seem to be the happy ending of some love story. They were both very young, and the reason why they got married was the unexpected pregnancy, LB left college to get a job and support the little family. The marriage was, somewhat, a solution to the situation at the time, a solution to keep an acceptable position in society. Lester billings Charact. : He is against women’s liberation, which takes place at the time. He wants to appear powerful and to possess the leading role of his marriage The way in which he has been raised has probably inspired him to develop this attitude. One attitude caused by the mother is the one towards his children concerning where they are to sleep. Billings believes that his mother has been too over-protective with him, and this has had a negative influence on him. He mentions the episode from the beach. Lester Billings does not really take notice of the rest of society. He does not choose a position in the matter of the Vietnam War or the black Americans' civil rights movement. He and Rita isolate themselves in the little family. He thinks highly of himself. He believes that his decisions and methods are the right ones because he is the man of the family. Lester Billings is not a soft family man. In the beginning of the story he claims that children tie a man down. He is not very gentle towards his first son Denny. He hits him if he does not stop crying. He says that it is actually impossible to remember your kids when they are lost at a young age because you have not come to feel very attached to them yet. This is an enormously cynical idea in my opinion. Dr. Harper: The psychiatrist is portrayed as a passive spectator. He only replies to Billings' story with a few comments. However, he makes Billings talk and perhaps he realises something from this monologue. The ending could symbolise the victory of anxiety, fear that he maybe have realized what he was afraid of realizing. Interpretation: I think the ending is a simple clue to the reader that suppressed anxieties and frustrations create these hidden boogeymen that are able to scare ourselves as well as others. They take many shapes and perhaps everybody has got one. Perhaps the doctor simply wears the mask of the boogeyman in the end, as a representative of LB's personal internal conflict. The boogeyman lives in our subconscious mind, it lives in children’s minds- in their fantasy. Small children are the most sensitive about fear. They need their parents’ protection and you cannot get too overprotective to children at that age. Lester cannot realise this. That is why he has to pay with the most precious in life- his own children and finally his own life. â€Å"I started to think, maybe all the monsters we were scared of then we were kids, Frankenstein and Wolfman and mummy, maybe they were real. Real enough to kill kids that were supposed to have fallen into gravel pits and drowned in lakes or were just never found. Maybe†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The Boogeyman represents many things, such as, anger, fear and paranoia. You think that it is only children who are afraid of â€Å"boogeymen†, but in this story we see that also adults get afraid and paranoid and believe that there is something in the closet, under the bed, down in the basement etc. It is fear of the unknown and the superstitions, which every human being has thought about, but some gets very paranoid and they think something is out to get them. I think King’s stories also appeal to the female readers and not just to men. I think that women would understand the stories just like men. But it is right to say that King uses Women like subordinate parts in his stories and it is mostly men who has the leading parts. The boogeyman represents Lester’s fear of being the father who gives his children a bad upbringing. I do believe that Billings has killed his children himself. Some of his statements indicate this. â€Å"Christ, kids drive you crazy sometimes. You could kill them. † (Page 4) The frustrations from his own childhood may have affected him so deeply that he kills his children.

Prose †A Christmas Carol Essay

But it’s too late now’, showing either that he is not as bitter as we thought, or that he is already learning from the lessons he is being taught. He is also deeply affected in the third episode when talking to the Spectre about his late sister and her son; Fred, his nephew. After we see his reaction, which was filled with sorrow and remorse, we realise that a possible reason for his hatred of Christmas is because of the death of his sister, and the reason for Scrooge being so mean. Scrooge learns his lesson throughout the novel through the reactions he portrays through the episodes he sees. An important episode in this stave is the one of Scrooge at Mr. Fezziwig’s ball. This is because of the quote ‘He corroborated everything, remembered everything, enjoyed everything’, which is important because it shows that he can love and can, if he wants to, change. Also in this episode, Scrooge says ‘The happiness he gives, is quite as great as if it cost a fortune’, which shows that Scrooge can still love, yet the positives are outweighed by the negatives in his life, so he does not see the point of loving and living. He also says ‘I should like to be able to say a word or two to my clerk just now’, which shows that he is getting the message and is learning the lesson that the Spirits have to give. The next strong reaction that the Ghost gets from Scrooge is after the scene with his fianci , which contains the evident emotions of sadness and regret. His may be for not changing his ways, or for the actions of his fianci , but they are portrayed when he says to the Spirit ‘Why do you delight to torture me? ‘ Lastly, Scrooge tries to extinguish the light upon the Spirit’s head, which is an obvious display of misery and pain which is evoked onto Scrooge in the various scenes. The vivid description of the Ghost at the beginning of the stave is symbolic, like the description of Marley’s chain in the first stave entitled ‘Marley’s Ghost’. The Spirit is described as ‘like a child: yet not so like a child as an old man’, which makes the Ghost seem innocent and good, the common perception a children. The Spectre also has ‘pure white’ clothing, which reinforces innocence, and holds a clove of holly, which symbolises Christianity, and purity also. Other vivid elements of the Spirit’s description include; a crown symbolising a halo which creates an obvious link to heaven and virtue, and ‘a great extinguisher for a cap, which it now held under its arm’, which emphasises its appearance as a ghost. Stave Three is entitled ‘The Second of the Three Spirits’, and at the beginning of which, Dickens creates an apprehensious, and suspenseful atmosphere through the use of the delayed visit from the second Spectre. Unlike the previous two times, pathetic fallery is not used, but, like the last time, the use of time is; ‘five minutes, ten minutes, a quarter of an hour went by, yet nothing came’. This creates suspense as to what will happen, and when the spirit will come. Dickens also sets the scene by having Scrooge on guard, ready for when the next spectre will come, and ready for the same greeting as from the spirit before. This is evident through the quote ‘But, finding that he turned uncomfortably cold when he began to wonder which of the curtains this new spectre would draw back, he put every one aside with his own hands’. This creates suspense because, when the Ghost doesn’t seem to come on time, both the reader and Scrooge begin to wonder if, how and when he will come. This suspenseful atmosphere is enhanced by ‘a strange voice’ calling Scrooge by his name. At this point, we do not know who or what it is, or even if it is the second of the three spirits, which builds up on the suspenseful atmosphere, because of the unknown. The Ghost of Christmas Present shows Scrooge many things about, and to do with Christmas, and mainly shows him why people celebrate it, despite what conditions they live in. Firstly, the Ghost shows Scrooge the market place in the run-up to the present Christmas, with all of the food displays, the frenzied shopping and the excitement of Christmas, all of these things that Scrooge doesn’t do currently, or wouldn’t do without the lessons from the Ghosts, in the run-up to Christmas. This also says the fact that happiness does not come from the amount of money you have, but is through being with loved ones, and making an effort to please and enjoy. This is evident through the quote ‘but the customers were all so hurried and so eager in the hopeful promise of the day’, which describes the enthusiasm of everyone for that one day of the year which is the time for festiveness and family. The Ghost next takes Scrooge to the house of his employee; Bob Cratchitt and family, and sees how the family survive at Christmas, which is pitiful in itself, never mind how they survive normally. The quote ‘Such a bustle ensued that you might have thought a goose was the rarest of birds †¦ ; and in truth it was something like it in this very house’, illustrates how poor the Cratchitts are, for the goose is essentially ordinary, yet is extravagant in this house because they are used to so much less. Yet, this episode shows Scrooge and the reader that Christmas is not just to be celebrated because it is the birth of Jesus, or because it brings many gifts, but because it brings family together and lets people be happy and merry. Collectively, the first two episodes displays to Scrooge that Christmas is not about the bad times in the past, but is about family. Next, Scrooge visits the sailors, miners and lighthouse keepers at Christmas, which describes families and co-workers enjoying each others company, weather young or old, and celebrating Christmas in the ‘bowels of the earth’ and various other conditions, which is more than what Scrooge has ever done, even if his experiences have been the lesser of two evils. These episodes show Scrooge that happiness is not just about money, or is even to do with money, bit is within each other and within family. After that, the Spectre takes Scrooge to his nephew, Fred, celebrating Christmas with his wife and sisters-in-laws. Scrooge sees Fred’s ‘infectious’ laughter which lightens the mood of everyone there, showing that happiness is in others, but he also sees the ridicule they use against him. However, he also sees how much his nephew cares for him, when he says ‘his offences carry their own punishment, and I have nothing to say against him’. When Scrooge goes to see the miners, sailors and the lighthouse keeper, Scrooge learns an important lesson which will help him complete his journey with the three spirits. The lesson is reinforcing to Scrooge, and the reader, that happiness is in others, not in the amount of money one has. This is evident when describing the miners who, according to the spirit, ‘labour in the bowels of the earth’. Dickens describes the families with examples like ‘An old, old man and woman, with their children and their children’s children, and another generation beyond that, all decked out in their holiday attire’, which links to the poor, and their stereotypical big families, and this quote describes how closely linked and happy they are to be with each other, showing that, though they are poor, they are happy. This is also supported by the lighthouse keepers when Dickens says ‘Joining their horny hands over the rough table at which they sat, they whished each other a merry Christmas in their can of grog’. This quote also says that, despite how well off you are or where you live, you can be happy, which is the inevitable lesson Scrooge will learn. The lesson is also taught with the sailors with the quotation ‘and had remembered those he cared for at a distance, and had known that they delighted to remember him’. Scrooge also makes a realisation at his nephew’s house, when he hears what his family really think about him, and also sees how Christmas can be a happy occasion. Firstly, upon entering the house with the Spectre, Scrooge sees his nephew and other family after they have eaten their Christmas dinner, and enjoying the celebrations, which includes music and games like ‘blind-man’s buff’ and ‘yes and no’, the latter of which provided the main source of name-calling directed at Scrooge. However, upon entering, he initially hears a conversation on how it appears that only Fred takes pity on Scrooge, while his companions take delight in mocking him, with jokes about how rich he is and comments about their dislike for him, which contradicts from Fred’s view on Scrooge, like how ‘his offences carry their own punishment’, how he has nothing to say against him, and how ‘His wealth is no good to him. He don’t do any good with it’. After that, the family then goes onto play music, which reminds Scrooge of his days at boarding school, and also the Ghost of Christmas Past and the lessons that he had been shown so far, which adds to the morals he is learning because ‘he might have cultivated the kindness of life for his own happiness with his own hands, without resorting to the sexton’s spade that buried Jacob Marley’, which shows that Scrooge is learning to regret, and see what he has done wrong. Games then follow the music, and in them, happiness is reinforced, again, in others and not in money, through Topper playing ‘blind-man’s buff’ with Fred’s wife’s sister. However, when reaching the last game, Scrooge becomes the target of ridicule, even by Fred, by describing a ‘disagreeable animal, a savage animal, an animal that growled and grunted sometimes, and talked sometimes, and lived in London, and walked about the streets, and wasn’t made a show of, and wasn’t led by anybody, and didn’t live in a menagerie, and was never killed in a market, and was not a horse, or an ass, or a cow, or a bull, or a tiger, or a dog, or a pig, or a cat, or a bear’. The answer was indeed Scrooge, and shows how other people perceive him, even his own family. A major part in the lessons Scrooge learns come from the visit to the Cratchitts’, and he is deeply affected by it. Firstly, Scrooge sees how much, or most suitably how little, the poor, namely the Cratchitts in this episode, get to eat. This is evidently a contrast to what Scrooge would be used to, and would have affected him to see how different the conditions were for the poor. Also when Scrooge visits the Cratchitts, we are introduced to the character Tiny Tim, Bob Cratchitt’s disabled son, who is used in the novel as a symbol of the poor from Victorian England. Dickens uses Tiny Tim to evoke sympathy in both the reader and Scrooge, because of his disability and his poor living conditions, and also because of his good nature towards his life, and the sufferings of other people, showing that he is not selfish despite his condition. Also, Scrooge is affected by his visit to the Cratchitt’s because they seem to be a contradiction of how the poor were seen in typical Victorian times. They were mainly seen as feckless, immoral, idle and drunken, yet Tiny Tim and family are portrayed as loving, caring, moral people, which is another reason why both Scrooge and the reader react so strongly to this episode. When answering Scrooge’s question on whether Tiny Tim will live, the Ghost answers with a quote that Scrooge had said to the charity workers at the beginning of the novel; ‘decrease the surplus population’. This is teaching and reinforcing to Scrooge that his actions were not only wrong, but regrettable, especially after viewing the scene with Bob Cratchitt, Tiny Tim and their family. This also creates a greater impact on Scrooge because he knows they were his own, spiteful words, and shocks him into thinking he could ever say that. This also proves that he is learning the lessons of the Ghosts. When answering Scrooge, the Spirit also uses the line; ‘to hear the Insect on the leaf pronouncing on the too much life among his hungry brothers in the dust’. This line is a metaphor portraying Scrooge as an insect and the dust as the poor and hungry, like Tiny Tim, and reinforcing what Scrooge said earlier, about ‘decreasing the surplus population’. This says that the population is too big and that many should die to reduce it, which is something that Scrooge now regrets saying, so has a bigger impact on his reactions to the Spectre’s answer. At the end of the third stave, the Ghost of Christmas Present shows Scrooge two creatures from under his cloak. They were shaped as children, a boy and a girl, who were described as ‘wretched, abject, frightful, hideous, miserable’.

How does Tennyson create the mood in Marianna Essay Example

How does Tennyson create the mood in Marianna Essay Example How does Tennyson create the mood in Marianna Paper How does Tennyson create the mood in Marianna Paper The mood in Tennyson’s poem is reflective of the state of mind of Mariana. Mariana, taken from Shakespeare’s Measure for Measure, is despondently isolated as she waits and waits for her lover, Angelo, to arrive. But he never does, hence the abandoned and derelict tone. In Marianna, Tennyson represents Mariana’s state of mind through using objective correlatives – the surrounding objects around Marianna symbolise Mariana’s internal state – and in particular, by using pathetic fallacy, these surrounding inanimate objects are given human feelings, signifying Mariana’s feelings. In the first stanza, the â€Å"broken sheds look’d sad and strange. † The fact that even these inactive objects are given negative feelings creates a negative mood. A depressing mood is also created in the first stanza as the details are exaggerated. The â€Å"blackest moss† creates a deathly and depressing mood, and the superlative exaggerates this. But also the internal rhyme between â€Å"thickly crusted,† (which describes how the flowerpots were covered with moss) and the â€Å"rusted† nails draws attention to the derelict and desolate landscape. The fact that moss and the rust only emerge after a long period of neglect highlights the severity of the neglect that Mariana has gone through, making the mood even more sorrowful. A sense of tiredness from waiting for her lover is emphasised through the form of the poem. The repetition of a quatrain at the end of each stanza, with only slight variation, where Mariana continually called out and expressed her grief, emphasises the length of time Mariana is secluded in the grange, and indeed the length of time that she has been waiting for Angelo to return. Thus, a sorrowful mood is created. 9 She only said, ‘My life us dreary, He cometh not,’ she said; She said, ‘I am aweary, aweary, 11 I would that I were dead! ’ In the refrain, the elongated words, â€Å"dreary† and â€Å"aweary† symbolise Mariana’s longing and desperation for her lover to arrive. They also slow down the line, as extra weak syllables are added onto the end of the iambs, namely the â€Å"-y† of each word. But also, the lack of hard consonants makes Mariana sound tired as she says these words. Also, the feminine rhyme in the refrain, where weary and dreary rhyme, but the second syllable is a weak vowel, reiterates the tired tone with which Marianna speaks. The stationary and solitary mood is created in Marianna even in the first line of the poem. Mariana is described as â€Å"in the moated grange. † Just as this epigraph lacks any kind of movement, as it lacks even a verb, the rest of the poem lacks any narrative movement as well. Therefore the rest of the poem merely elongates this image of a melancholic loneliness. The helplessness of Mariana’s situation in the poem is signalled in the third stanza. The idea of the â€Å"moated† grange, which is repeated from the epigraph, reinforces the sense of entrapment – Mariana is surrounded by water, and alone. The fact that there is â€Å"a sluice with blacken’d waters† proves this stagnation of the water, and how everything is in a state of slowing, as Marianna is. The caesura before â€Å"without hope of change† emphasises this further, as not only is she physically trapped as she is surrounded, but also that she is trapped in the repetitive nature which her life seems to be leading, and at last, she has given up hope that something will change from this norm. The lack of change in tone with the change in the time of the day emphasises Mariana’s stagnating life. In terms of the plot, nothing actually changes – Marianna is still in the same place at the end as she was at the beginning. In contrast, the changing of time from â€Å"morn to eventide† shows how life continues around her. Marianna is herself not quite living: she is in a dreamlike state, as she is so tired, where â€Å"in sleep she seem’d to walk forlorn. † The word forlorn is very emotive and gives the stanza a melancholy tone, which is emphasised by the long vowel sounds in ‘gray-eyed morn’. The adjective ‘morn’ is also homophonous with ‘mourn’, furthering the idea of Mariana’s severe depression, as if mourning for her life. Tennyson also begins to suggest the reason for her depression in the latter half of the poem, by introducing the symbol of the ‘poplar’ tree. He writes that ‘the shadow of the poplar fell/Upon her bed’, which perhaps symbolises her sexual desire for Angelo, and frustration at his absence, as she waits for him to ‘come’. The enjambment between ‘fell’ and ‘upon’ emphasises Mariana’s desperation in waiting for Angelo to arrive. It is also quite an ominous image, as shadows have connotations with death and darkness, which emphasises the hopelessness of her situation in her reiterated sigh ‘He cometh not’. In the poem, there is a overcast theme of death. â€Å"Dead† is repeated in the last line of every stanza, which emphasises the travesty that Mariana is going through. In the last stanza Tennyson writes ‘†¦; but most she loathed the hour When the thick-moted sunbeam lay Athwart the chambers’. The phrase is emphasised by the caesura directly before it, and the comparatively long time without a break for punctuation. This image of dust in the sunlight, (from thick moted) has connotations of decay and death. In particular, the words ‘thick’ and ‘lay’ make it seem very oppressive and heavy, which emphasises the slowing down of Marianna’s life. This idea is furthered as the image is one of the day drawing to a close; ‘And the day Was sloping toward his western bower’. This suggests that the sun is moving away from Mariana and setting, and moving towards Angelo. In particular, light has connotations of live and vitality – and so the lack of light creates a drained mood – reflective of Mariana’s mood. In the last stanza the refrain is different to the rest of the poem, which changes the tone entirely. Mariana appears to accept her fate, as she says ‘He will not come’, rather than ‘He cometh not’ which means her only sense of purpose, to wait for him, has been destroyed. Rather than ‘I were that I were dead! ’, which is repeated in the rest of the poem, the last line is ‘Oh God, that I were dead! ’ This line has the added impact of the intensifier ‘Oh God’, which creates a mood of desperation far more poignant than in the rest of the poem. It is as though, as the poem draws to a close, Mariana’s life does too.

Motivation Motivation and daily Bases Essay

Motivation Motivation and daily Bases Essay Motivation: Motivation and daily Bases Essay MOTIVATION Motivation, as defined by Webster is the act of motivating (Merriam – Webster online). We are all motivated by five different approaches that include the following: Intrinsic, personal motivations that drive the individual to do something whether or not there is a reward. Extrinsic, drive a person to do something because of a reward. Instinct, biologically determined innate patterns of behavior. Need, a requirement of some material that is essential for survival. Drive reduction, theory approach to motivation that assumes behavior arises from physiological needs that cause internal drives to push the organism to satisfy the need and reduce tension and arousal. Motivation drives you to move forward and cause you to do the things that do. We are all motivated by something in life. I often tell my co-workers that my children motivate me to come to work each day. I keep a picture of them at my desk, and when the job becomes stressful. I often start to question why I am there. I lo ok at their picture and it brings it all homes for me. This is what motivates me on a daily bases. We are all motivated by something whether it is money, power, success or family. We all have something that makes us continue to move forward in life. As a student the thing that motivates me the most is obtaining my degree and providing a better life for my three boys. This would be my positive emotion. I am a single parent, full-time student and I have full-time job. I often want to quit school on a daily bases. It is very hard to motivate myself sometimes to complete a discussion question or an assignment, however I think of the ends justifying the means overcomes all the stress and lack of

An Introduction to Brownian Motion

An Introduction to Brownian Motion Brownian motion is the random movement of particles in a fluid due to their collisions with other atoms or molecules. Brownian motion is also known as pedesis, which comes from the Greek word for leaping. Even though a particle may be large compared to the size of atoms and molecules in the surrounding medium, it can be moved by the impact with many tiny, fast-moving masses. Brownian motion may be considered a macroscopic (visible) picture of a particle influenced by many microscopic random effects. Brownian motion takes its name from the Scottish botanist Robert Brown, who observed pollen grains moving randomly in water. He described the motion in 1827 but was unable to explain it. While pedesis takes its name from Brown, he was not the first person to describe it. The Roman poet Lucretius describes the motion of dust particles around the year 60 B.C., which he used as evidence of atoms. The transport phenomenon remained unexplained until 1905 when Albert Einstein published a paper that explained the pollen was being moved by the water molecules in the liquid. As with Lucretius, Einsteins  explanation served as indirect evidence of the existence of atoms and molecules. At the turn of the 20th century, the existence of such tiny units of matter was only a theory. In 1908, Jean Perrin experimentally verified Einsteins hypothesis, which earned Perrin the 1926 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter. The mathematical description of Brownian motion is a relatively simple probability calculation, of importance not just in physics and chemistry, but also to describe other statistical phenomena. The first person to propose a mathematical model for Brownian motion was Thorvald N. Thiele in a paper on the least squares method that was published in 1880. A modern model is the Wiener process, named in honor of Norbert Wiener, who described the function of a continuous-time stochastic process. Brownian motion is considered a Gaussian process and a Markov process with continuous path occurring over continuous time. What Is Brownian Motion? Because the movements of atoms and molecules in a liquid and gas is random, over time, larger particles will disperse evenly throughout the medium. If there are two adjacent regions of matter and region A contains twice as many particles as region B, the probability that a particle will leave region A to enter region B is twice as high as the probability a particle will leave region B to enter A. Diffusion, the movement of particles from a region of higher to lower concentration, can be considered a macroscopic example of Brownian motion. Any factor that affects the movement of particles in a fluid impacts the rate of Brownian motion. For example, increased temperature, increased number of particles, small particle size, and low viscosity increase the rate of motion. Brownian Motion Examples Most examples of Brownian motion are transport processes that are affected by larger currents, yet also exhibit pedesis. Examples include: The motion of pollen grains on still waterMovement of dust motes in a room (although largely affected by air currents)Diffusion of pollutants in the airDiffusion of calcium through bonesMovement of holes of electrical charge in semiconductors Importance of Brownian Motion The initial importance of defining and describing Brownian motion was that it supported the modern atomic theory. Today, the mathematical models that describe Brownian motion are used in math, economics, engineering, physics, biology, chemistry, and a host of other disciplines. Brownian Motion Versus Motility It can be difficult to distinguish between a movement due to Brownian motion and movement due to other effects. In biology, for example, an observer needs to be able to tell whether a specimen is moving because it is motile (capable of movement on its own, perhaps due to cilia or flagella) or because it is subject to Brownian motion. Usually, its possible to differentiate between the processes because Brownian motion appears jerky, random, or like a vibration. True motility appears often as a path, or else the motion is twisting or turning in a specific direction. In microbiology, motility can be confirmed if a sample inoculated in a semisolid medium migrates away from a stab line. Source Jean Baptiste Perrin - Facts. NobelPrize.org, Nobel Media AB 2019, July 6, 2019.